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^ Official Journal of the Society of Paper Money Collectors "1
Vol. XLVII, No.4, Whole No. 256 vvww.spmc.org f3> July/August 2008
We Ye happy too, Katie!
First time’s a charm
Katie Holmes in Mad Money
ltfs99UW
/SERIES
' 2006
OUR MEMBERS SPECIALIZE IN
NATIONAL CURRENCY
They also specialize in Large Size Type Notes, Small Size Currency,
Obsolete Currency, Colonial and Continental Currency, Fractionals,
Error Notes, MPC*s, Confederate Currency, Encased Postage,
Stocks and Bonds, Autographs and Documents, World Paper Money . . .
and numerous other areas.
THE PROFESSIONAL CURRENCY DEALERS ASSOCIATION
is the leading organiz^ation of OVER 100 DEALERS in Currency,
Stocks and Bonds, Eiscal Documents and related paper items.
• Hosts the annual National and World Paper Money Convention each fall in St. Louis, Missouri.
Please visit our Web Site pcelaonline.cotn for dates and location.
• Encourages public awareness and education regarding the hobby of Paper Money Collecting.
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• Publishes several “How to Collect” booklets regarding currency and related paper items. Availability
of these booklets can be found in the Membership Directory or on our Web Site.
• Is a proud supporter of the Society of Paper Money Collectors.
r
To be assured of knowledgeable, professional, and ethical dealings
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of all members, send your request to:
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RO. Box 246 • Lima, PA 19037
( 610 ) 627-1212
Or Visit Our Web Site At: www.pcd.aonline.com
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
241
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
PAPER MONEY (USPS 00-3162) is published every
other month beginnir>g in January by the Society ol
Paper Money Collectors (SPMC). 92 Andover Road.
Jackson. NJ 08527. Periodical postage is paid at
Dover. DE 19901. Postmaster send address changes
to Secretary Jamie Takes, P.O. Box 1203, Jackson, NJ
08527.
® Society of Paper Money Collectors. Inc.. 2008. All
rights reserved. Reproduction of any article, in whole or
part, without written permission, is prohibited.
Individual copies of this issue of PAPER MONEY are
available from the Secretary for $6 postpaid. Send
changes of address, inquiries concerning non-delivery,
and requests for additional copies of this issue to the
Secretary.
MANUSCRIPTS
Manuscripts not under consideration elsewhere and
publications for review should be sent to the Editor.
Accepted manuscripts will be published as soon as
possible: however, publication in a specific issue can-
not be guaranteed. Indude an SASE for acknowledg-
ment. if desired. Opinions expressed by authors do not
necessarily reflect those of the SPMC.
Paper Money
Official Bimonthly Publication of
The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc.
Vol. XLVIl, No. 4 Whole No. 256 July/August 2008
ISSN 0031-1162
FRED L. REED III, Editor, P.O. Box 793941, Dallas, TX 75379
Visit the SPMC web site: www.spmc.org
Features
MuSeum of American Finance opens at historic 48 Wall Street 243
By Kristin Aguilera
Manuscripts should be typed (one side of paper only),
double-spaced with at least 1-inch margins. The
author's name, address and telephone number should
appear on the first page. Authors should retain a copy
for their records. Authors are encouraged to submit a
copy on a MAC CD. identified with the name and ver-
sion of software used. A double-spaced printout must
accompany the CD. Authors may also transmit articles
via e-mail to the Editor at the SPMC web site
(fred@spmc.org). Original illustrations are preferred
but do not send items of value requiring Certified,
Insured or Registered Mail. Write or e-mail ahead for
special instructions. Scans should be grayscale or
color at 300 dpi. Jpegs are preferred.
Flashing green on the screen, reel star of Mad Money 250
By Fred Reed
WWII Operation Bernhard brought to Silver Screen 259
Operation Bernhard Notes in Collection 260
By Donn Pearlman
Bank of Scotland £50 note nets “Bank Note of Year” laurels 263
New Nex-Gen colorized $5 FRNs are unprecedented 264
The Secet Revealed? 265
By Raphael Ellenbogen
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To keep rales at a minimum, all advertising must be
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Advertising Deadline: Subject to space availability
copy must be received by the Editor no later than the
first day of the month preceding the cover date of the
issue (for example. Feb. 1 for the March/April issue).
Camera-ready copy, or electronic ads in pdf format, or
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Advertising copy shatl be restricted to paper currency,
allied numismatic material, publications, and related
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ments. but accepts copy in good faith, reserving the
right to reject objectionable material or edit copy.
SPMC assumes no financial responsibility for typo-
graphical errors In ads. but agrees to repnnt that por-
tion of an ad in which a typographical error occurs upon
prompt notification. ❖
Mary C. Williamson, National Bank President 266
By Karl Sanford Kabelac
Silver Certificate Series of 1934A G-A $5 Mules 267
By Jamie Yakes
On This Date in Paper Money History 287, 289
By Fred Reed
More wheresgeorge? notes show up in change 273
By Loren Gatch and Fred Reed
The Paper Column: The Clements NB of Rutland, VT 274
By Peter Huntoon
True Story: one of my friends related this story to me recently 276
By Bob Cochran
Tennessee Merchant and Company Store Paper Scrip 298
By Dennis Schafluetzel and Tom Carson
The $100,000 Errand: Banking in 1941 Washington, D.C 301
By R. Logan Talks
The Art of Money - Money that IS ART 305
Obsolete Paper Money of St. Joseph, Florida 313
By Ron Benice
Society News
Information and Officers 242
President’s Column 297
By Benny Bolin
Money Mart .297
New Members 304
Want Ads Work for You 304
What’s on Steve’s Mind Today? 318
By Steve Whitfield
The Editor’s Notebook 318
242
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Society of Paper Money Collectors
S( )C' I l.T\ Society of Paper Money
1' \ PK R M( )X1’\’ (SPMC) was organized in
C'( )l .l.K( T( )KS incorporated in 1964 as a
non-profit organization under the laws
of the District of Columbia. It is affili-
ated with the American Numismatic
Association. The annual SPMC meeting is held in June at the Memphis
IPMS (International Paper Money Show). Up-to-date information about the
SPMC, including its bylaws and activities can be found on its Internet web
site www.spmc.org.
MEMBERSHIP-REGULAR and LIFE. Applicants must be at least 18 years of
age and of good moral character. Members of the ANA or other recognized
numismatic societies are eligible for membership; other applicants should be
sponsored by an SPMC member or provide suitable references.
MEMBERSHIP— JUNIOR. Applicants for Junior membership must be from 12
to 18 years of age and of good moral character. Their application must be
signed by a parent or guardian. Junior membership numbers will be preced-
ed by the letter “j," which will be removed upon notification to the Secretary
that the member has reached 18 years of age. Junior members are not eligi-
ble to hold office or vote.
DUES— Annual dues are $30. Members In Canada and Mexico should add $5
to cover postage; members throughout the rest of the world add $10. Life
membership — payable in installments within one year is $600, $700 for
Canada and Mexico, and $800 elsewhere. The Society has dispensed with
issuing annual membership cards, but paid up members may obtain one
from the Secretary for an SASE (self-addressed, stamped envelope).
Members who join the Society prior to October 1 receive the magazines
already issued in the year In which they join as available. Members who join
after October 1 will have their dues paid through December of the following
year; they also receive, as a bonus, a copy of the magazine issued In
November of the year in which they joined. Dues renewals appear in a fall
issue of Paper Money. Checks should be sent to the Society Secretary. ❖
Officers
ELECTED OFFICERS:
PRESIDENT Benny Bolin, 5510 Bolin Rd.. Allen, TX 75002
VICE-PRESIDENT Mark Anderson. 115 Congress St.. Brooklyn. NY
11201
SECRETARY Jamie Yakes, P.O. Box 1203, Jackson, NJ 08527
TREASURER Bob Moon, 104 Chipping Court, Greenwood, SC
29649
BOARD OF GOVERNORS:
Mark Anderson, 115 Congress St.. Brooklyn. NY 1 1201
Benny J. Bolin, 5510 Bolin Rd.. Allen, TX 75002
Bob Cochran. P.O. Box 1085, Florissant. MO 63031
Gene Messier, P.O. Box 31144, Cincinnati, OH 45231
Matt Janzen, 3601 Page Drive Apt. 1. Plover. Wl 54467
Robert J. Kravitz, P.O. Box 6099, Chesterfield, MO 63006
Tom Minerley. 25 Holland Ave #001, Albany. NY 12209-1735
Judith Murphy, P.O. Box 24056, Winston-Salem, NC 27114
Fred L. Reed III, P.O. Box 793941, Dallas. TX 75379-3941
Robert Vandevender, P.O. Box 1505, Jupiter, FL 33468-1505
Wendell A. Wolka, P.O. Box 1211. Greenwood, IN 46142
Jamie Yakes, P.O. Box 1203. Jackson, NJ 08527
APPOINTEES:
PUBLISHER-EDITOR Fred L. Reed III. P.O. Box 793941, Dallas.
TX 75379-3941
CONTRIBUTING EDITOR Gene Messier, P.O. Box 31144,
Cincinnati, OH 45231
ADVERTISING MANAGER Wendell A. Wolka, P.O. Box 1211.
Greenwood, IN 46142
LEGAL COUNSEL Robert J. Galiette, 3 Teal Ln., Essex,
CT 06426
LIBRARIAN Jeff Brueggeman, 711 Signal Mountain Rd. # 197,
Chattanooga. TN 37405
MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR Frank Clark, P.O. Box 117060,
Carrollton, TX 75011-7060
PAST PRESIDENT Ron Horstman, 5010 Timber Ln., Gerald. MO
63037
WISMER BOOK PROJECT COORDINATOR Bob Cochran, P.O.
Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031
REGIONAL MEETING COORDINATOR Judith Murphy, P.O. Box
24056. Winston-Salem. NC 27114
CSA and Obsolete Notes
CSA Bonds, Stocks &
Financial Items
BUYING AND SELLING
HUGH SHULL
Auction Representation
60-Page Catalog for $5.00
Refundable with Order
SPMC LM 6
BRNA
FUN
ANA-LM
SCNA P.O. Box 2522, Lexington, SC 29071
PCDA CHARTER MBR pH; (803) 996-3660 FAX: (803) 996-4885
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
243
T he museum of amerk:an financ:e, an
iiffiliiitc of the Smirhsoni^in Institution, rc()[)enetl to the
public in its new home ut 48 WM Street on Jnnunrv 1 1,
2008. Locaieil in the histciric rorincr heatl quarters of the
Bank of New York, the .Museum occupies 30,0t}() square I’eei of
space ant! features a majestic banking; halh stare-oi~the-ail Financial
education center, aiulitorium, tfhrary and research lacility.
FnrmerK located in modest space at 26 hruatb\'ay, the
.Museum signed a 2()-year lease on its much larger home on W all
Street in late 2005. Since then, it has been renovating and restoring
the laiidmarked space^ as well as creating engaging and interactive
permanent exhibitions on the snhiects ol^ the Mnancial markets,
money, banking, entrepreneurship and Ale.xander Hamilton, '['he
Museum’s new space also includes galleries for changing exhibits
and a theater,
Accortling to President/CiiEO Lee K]elleren, the move to
48 Wall Street will enable the Museum to expand its reach signify
candvT giving New Yorkers, as well as national and international vis-
itors, an increased awareness to make more eftecriv e hnancial deci-
sions.
^'As the onlv public and intlependeni museum of luiaiice,
we are ]>roud to he a guardian of America’s collective financial
mentory, while also serving as an interpreter oi currenE: liivancial
issues,” Kjelleren said. e h)ok forward to taking our place
among the jnajor destinations rjn W^ill Street,”
Vinlaj^e stock ticker that recorded ups and downs of past
244
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Displays at the newly opened, reno-
vated Museum of American Fmancc,
48 Wall Street, New York City, invite
viewer interaction-
Ten shares of Capital Stock in The
Ford Motor Company of Canada, Ltd,,
signed by company president Henry
Ford, 1908.
Located one 1)1 ock east of the New York Stock Excliiinge, the Museum
is the Exchange's de racin visitors center,
‘‘NYSE- Euronext is proud oF our partnership with the Museum of
American Financed* s<iicl Duncan Iv, Niedenuier, CEO, N\"SE Euronext. ''The
Museum is well suite{:l to reside in New York and on Wall Street, and gives the
public an opportunity to learn more about our capita] markets and NYSE
Euronext, I'his is especially important given the ever changing and rapidly
growing global linancial marketplace.”
Dr. Richard Sylla and LTr, Robert Wright, both linancial historians,
authors and professors at the NYT^ Stem School of Business, are the primary'
curators of the permanent exhibits. Designed b\' the renowned New York exhi-
bition tlesign fij in C&G Partners, the exliibits were built and installed by the
a wa r d - inning fa l.> r i ca ti o n fl n 1 1 M a 1 1! j ie .
1 Tigh lights from the Museum’s exhibitions include:
• High denomination U.S* currency including the
$500, $1,000, S5,000 and $10,000 notes
• 6 0 1 b . gf d d i iTgo t fro in t h e SS Cai n af A ma ica
shipwreck, 1857
• Fugio cent, the first C^ongressional coin author-
ized, 1787
• Augustus Saint Gaudens $20 coin, 1907
• Coins from the FJ Caz{uhf\ a recently recovered
Spanish ti easure ship that sank off the coast of
New Orleans in 1789
• 'Freasury bond issued to and signed by President
George Whishington bearing the first use of a
dollar sign on a federal document, 1792
• Letter for [>urchasing stock in the South Sea
Company signed by Isaac Newton, 1720
• Ticker tape fi'ojn the "Great Crash” dated
Octoher29, 1929
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
245
• Ford Motor Conip;iny stock cerrificiite signed by
Heim- Ford, 190H
• Experimental protorvpe oFa telegraph machine From I'homas
Edison’s lab
• Segment oF IK5S Trans-Atlantic cable
• I lundreds oF photographs and illustrations From American history,
dozens of which are shown at a very large scale
• Original media and in ter actives: Zoom in on a bill, stock and bond;
“Teaching Ticker^' explaining bow to read an electronic ticker, and
what the svmbols and nuinhers mean; behind-the-scenes video tours
oF the New York Stock F.xchange and the New York .Mercantile
Ex'change; and interactive interviews v\ ith lb emrepreneiirs.
The Museum oF American Finance is the nation’s only public muse-
um dedicated to Finance, enti’cprcneurship and the Free open marker s\'stem.
Wuth its extensive collection oF financial documents and objects, its seminars
Museum of American Finance display
saluting founding father and first
Secretary of the U*S* Treasury
Alexander Hamilton.
Oldest extant DA, obligation with the
sign, bond made out to/and signed
by George Washington January 17^
and educational programming, its publication
.Museum portr^iys the breadth and richness
of American financial history, achievement
anal practices. P'ounded in 198B by John
Flerzog, the A1 use urn promotes a deeper
understanding oF risk and reward, helping
people to become more financially indepen-
deiiL
The Museum is open Tuesday -
Saturday, 10 am - 4 pm. .Admission is S8 for
adults; $5 For students/seniors; kids 6 and
under Free. For information, call 212-908-
41 1 0 or visit ^^-wwdlnancialhistorv.org.
and orai histniy program, the 1792.
KNOWN, :ru tk
-t ^ . > . . ^
tUyaUt- emj pj^ fartJttnpitttn, ly ike f^ywltni^
■" / 1,^ ^ . .rpir^ iffitli k •tIHu/e it
■'Ht ^ kf m pr ^ lo/ tkt
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' ■ii' i
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246
July/August - Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Above: A large Ltberty Bond poster,
and a Walt Disney-inspircd World
War l] U,S. bond higblighl another
MAF display.
At right: Interactive ^'Because thafs
where the money is'' display on the
mezzanine level.
Opposite
Top: A dramatic display of Stock
Exchange memorabilia and tech-
nology.
Center: ticker tape from the
"Great Crash" dated October 29,
1929.
Bolton: a 60 lb, gold ingot from
the SS Central America shipwreck,
1857.
Paper Money * July/August • Whole No. 256
247
248
Jujy/August * Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Paper Money * July/August ■ Whole No. 256
249
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250
July/August - Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
F inancial \aish fulfilLxMent for some is
having enough cash to pay the rent, buy food and gas, and
buy the Iniby’s diapers. For many others, however, having
enough dough to throw around at will will better fill die
hill. Money madness of the latter kind takes a suburban housewife
and her unlikely cohorts on a green goods scheme in Mm! Money,
which opened in theaters nationwide earlier this year.
M/nl Money opened in wide release
and eventually turned in a domestic
gross o( S20+ niillinn. It is now on
DV"D. This buddy heist flick teamed
three Hollywood actress of v'arying
acclaim -- Diane Keaton, Queen
Latifah, and Katie Holmes — in a come-
dy caper in which they rip oH the
Kansas Ciw Federal Resen e Bank.
Such shenanigans should he of
interest to Pffper ^^only readers, who
may have missed my abridged Film
review which appeared contemporane-
oLisIy in Coin IVorhl. Many readers of
this magazine likely also collect the
Kansas Ciw Fed bank’s bills.
MTiile the actresses only lit up the
silver screen to somewhat tepid reviews,
the cash flashing green all over the mul-
tiplex screens is the reel star of M nil
Money, in this hobbyist’s view. It provid-
ed me the opportunity to apply my
mtjvie money sleuthing skills honed in
the preparation ot my Show Me the
Money/ The StaminnI Cntniog of Motion
Pictnre, Television ^ Stage and Adve77ishjg
Pt -op Money ( A I cFa I'l a n d , 200 5 ) .
Amid flashes of real Federal
Reserve Notes shown prominently as
‘Nlash” (a cinema technique to add real-
ism in doseup shotKs), the characters
spend the bulk of 103 -minute film steal-
ing, secreting, counting, tossing bills in
the air, hiding, spending, burning, and
■* :
Paper Money ■ July/August * Whole No. 256
251
^ J does paper
money better than
PAPER MONEY
• best reproduction
• best audience
best ratffi , . .
IN FULL LIVING COLOR, too!
252
July/August • Whole No. 256 ■ Paper Money
slirecitling' countlessi $100, $50, $20, $10, $5 and $1 prop notes, which only emu-
hue the real led era I paper.
Prop nK)ney, however, as \ showed several years ago in luy awarding
winning book can be quite appealing and collectible in its own right. Aly 800-
page l)ook, which Pin proud lo say garnered the Nuinisinatic Literary Guild
**Best \\ orldwitle Paper Money Book” of the year and also an SPAdC Award of
A leri t, showed about 1,800 different %^arieties, as well as hundreds of cinema sit-
uations which featured displays of cash. More than a thousand movies were sur-
veyed. Prop iKJtc IDs on the pages facing, and following are from that volume.
The film opens in an upper middle class household with Ted Danson’s
character Don Cardigan (think comfortable sweater!) moping around from a
year of nor llnding work alter being downsized from a well-paying gig. \Mth
hundreds of thousands of dollars in unpaid bills, homebody Diane Keaton’s
character Bridget (Cardigan decides to reenter the workplace and save the fatni-
Aclors Tom and Mrs. Cruise (Mad
Money co-star Katie Holmes) at the
January 10^ 20Q3^ red carpet premiere
of Overture Films' Mad Money.
h ’s homestead.
Finding her experience raising kids, making a home, and running a
household for several decades nut vciy marketable, she accepts a low paying ian-
itorial job at the Kiinsas Cit)' Federal Resen' e Bank because it “has benefits,”
Bridget’s jol> takes her throughout the maximum securing banking fiicili-
, ty, picking up trash, pushing a ma[i, and
also observing other Fed employees count
out and remove worn out notes, which are
banded and shuttled in sccurit}' carts to
the shredders for di.sposal.
Franldy I can’t vouch if the proce-
dures in this film lor dispensing with worn
out currency? jibe Avith practices in the real
world. An internet writer v\dth more sa\y
than this author suggests these several faux
[las:
(1 ) VVlien currency is destroyed at
a Federal Reserve, it is carefully accounted
for: serial number, denomination, and
destroy date.
(2) During cash processing, no
employee at the Federal Reserve is
al lowed to be left alone Avith the nioney.
(3) In Federal Reserve cash pro-
cessing facilities, multiple detiomi nations
of money are never alloAA^ed to mingle.
j _ (4) In order to keep unauthoiazed
. m 1 items (weapons, cameras, etc.) out of
I Federal Reserve buildings, all personnel
^4 I are scanned before entering the building,
I not on their way out.
I Aly own field trips to the Fed
m Avere brief. The last time 1 tried to enter
m the Dallas Federal Reserve Bank several
If years ago to purchase some of the then
\ 2 newly released large portrait $5 FRNs for
a Memphis Paper Money ShoAv E.xhilut, I
was not received very^ hospitably nor given
a grand tour, nor permitted to purchase
any of the ncAv notes. Officials simply
showed me the door. (Ironically, a avcH
spent series unknown but NexGen
] lj
II til Itllllllllllllllll Ml lit Ml Ml MllllMI III
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
253
Co-star Katie Holmes flashes real
Federal Reserve Notes in a screen
closeup from Mad Money- Most
scenes used prop notes like the ones
displayed here, and cataloged in my
2005 book^ Show Me the Money!
$1 Reserve Note (Reed type RA20-1)
Eighteen hundred varieties of prop money
are cataloged in the author's 2005 book,
which is available from the publisher at
wwwancfar land, com and also on
www.amazon.com |.] All the note types
illustrating this article were observed in
scenes from Mad Money.
$50 Cinema Reserve Note (Reed type RA80a-50)
Jjf
254
July/August ■ Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
k S50 prop note floats past Queen Lalifah^s currency thresher
Keaton, Holmes and Lalrfah sort their ill-gotlen gam
five spot iippears as u Bash note in one ot
this Film’s scenes*)
Writers of this film probably
never s^ot the inside view of Fed opera-
tions ei tiler* Mad Money was filmed in
Shreveport, LA somewhat over the hori^
zon from the District 10 KC .Missomi Fed
bank locale in which tnuch of the action
supposedly takes place. Suffice it to say,
that this film, like many of its predeces-
sors, notably lVho\^ M/j?dnig the Mlntf^
chinks that the United States Mint sup-
plies new paper money to the Fed to
replace the old warn out notes dispatched
to the shredder* (A realistic Federal
Reserve angle was handled nuich better in
Leo D i C a p p r i o’ s Catch ^ le if 1 o a Can * )
In due course, however, jaiiitoress
Bridget recruits Holmes’ character Jackie
Truman (think, Missouri’s favorite son
Harry “The buck stops here” Truman,
this is the KC district after all) who j>ushes
carts of notes banded for destruction from
floor to floor, and Latifah’s character Nina
Brewster (think Richard Pryor’s Breirsrrr^'
MiJiiom)^ whose job consists of opening up
the securiw cash carts, pulling our straps
of discartled notes and feeding the bundles
into a green threshing machine*
Here, the felony plan is simple
and direct. Bridget supplies a duplicate
cart lock and key. Cart pusher Holmes
opens the cart and slips out ljundles of
boodle uhich she stashes into a trash
receptacle. These misdirected notes are
gathered up by janitoress Bridget in black
plastic utility^ Holmes tlicji pushes
said cart, minus the [filfercd loot, to
La ti fall’s securiw location at which point
Nina unlocks the false lock, empties the
cart contents into her shredder, and sub-
stitutes the real lock to cover up their
theft.
.All this is done, mind you, in full
view of myriad securin' cameras, who sur-
veil “ever) body, everywhere, all the time,”
in the words of a clueless Fed Bank securi-
ty liberofflciaL
The trio subsequently meets in a
rest room, ditwies up the plunder, stuffs
the bundles of notes in their undergar-
ments, and then coolly walk our past secu-
rity guards at the end of their shift*
Thereafter they count, reconcile, and
share their ill-gotten loot in a giggh' fest
in a bedroom of Bridget’s upscale home
Paper Money • Ju!y/August ■ Whole No. 256
255
fo 1 1 Q\\ i n g til e 1 r w ork sli i h.
Gvilp^Is Bridget, Nina,
and Jackie are not really stealing
the money* just recycling it one
more time -- the ethically-chal-
lenged characters decide
bei’ore the notes are finally put
down lor their final count. The
gals’ “victimless” crime spree
continues unabated for three
years, involving hubbies, boy
friends, and finally an amorous
securit)^ guard who wises up to
their ploy. However, nobody
else in bank securitv^ catches on
until a revenuer starts checking
into the women’s im re ported
riches For income tax purposes.
Mffcl MofU'y opened
JanuaiT 18th to a modest $9.2
million weekend, or roughly the
amount of green stuff the KC
branch eviscerates in a heart
beat. None of the actors will
win Hollyivood gold either.
This chick caper has little of the
panache which marked Tlw/ma
Louise, for wliich Ahd Money
director Chiilie Khoiiri ivon a
passe I of screen writing laurels
including an Oscar and a
Golden Globe.
h i ca g{) fi 1 m critic
Roger Ebert pointed out that
Mml Monty is acaially a remake
of a 2001 British film Ifot
Money, in which another mop
slinger named Bridget teams
with another associate Jackie
and a Liz to steal British pounds
bound for the Bank of England’s
incinerators. Stuffing dirty old
money in one’s knickers must be
the rage. That crew also smug^
gled their liberated, reborn cur-
rency out in their underwear.
Ebert gives this
Moll y w o D d a d a p ta t i o n Mn d
Monty a Feeble star and a halfi
Wiriety.com disparages its writ-
ing, acting, and charactenzation.
The Vi Huge Voice says its worth a
few bucks. Reel Talk’s Diana
Saenger says it has substance,
and calls it “a modern zany
caper with entertaining perfor-
$50 Federal Reserve Note (Reed type RA05-50)
$50 Motion Picture Money (Reed type RA90-50)
$100 For Motion Picture Use Only (Reed type RA80b-IOO)
256
July/August " Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Tli0 c3rGfr0c felons rejoice in their niiincos. isti^tnity ’T'oduy luicis iioiihlin^ tht. IiIlIc of rc-inorsc o\ci
score in suburban housewife Keaton's ^^tei^ling , , , [tor which] greed seems lo win the day.
For this view er, M^hI Mo/ilj is a mixed bag. It is neither as tightly dnnvn
nor as socially relevant as Dead Pn\ddcjm\ the 1995 riiighes Brothers' actioner
that also involved heist of retired currency but that time fi om a Fed armored car.
In that film the gang ul Larenz Tare, Keith David, Chris I ucker and Freddy
Rodriguez provide better acting rums than Keaton, Latilah, Holmes and Danson
muster. Besides, the I lughes' film has a moraL
Mad Money is light-weight Fed bank thievery compared m the tension
prov oked between firuce Willis' John McCIane and Jeremy li ons' Simon Gruber
during the gold robbery (d the New’ York Fed district bank in Die Hard lelfh a
I V/ 7 gtY^//i’r. Now til ere was a Federal Resenx* knockoff worth its celluloid.
d'he current film also lacks the slapstick zaniness of the aforementioned
ilFnamed IVhfds Minding the Mhnf (Columbia Pictures, 1967), and the genuine
humor provided by ripoff artists Milton Berle, Joey Bishop, Bob Denv^er, Jim
1 lutton, Dorothy Pixjvine and company, who infiltrate the “Aliiit" and run off
iiatches of notes for themselves.
On paper, however, this film does have its virtues in its three singular
lead talents, Diane Keaton has been a personal favorite since her Oscar days in
Annie 11 nil with VVootly Allen thirU'-plus years ago. Airs. "Foni Cruise was a
delightful guilty pleasure for six seasons as Joey Potter on TA" until she opted for
Pacey instead of Dawson, But Kate Noeile Holmes (Cruise) tlid become an adult
star too on the big screen by holding her ow n in a grim’ performance in The Gift,
opposite Oscar winners Kate Blanchett and FTilary Swank. The Queen has
Paper Money - July/Augusl - Whole No. 256
proven Osair-worthy also in the musical
Cbh^/tgo, and had heist experience in Set h
Off. But she and her co stars are cast adrift
in a too small boat this time out.
For this \newerj the money orgies
are the most appealing sequences in Mad
Money. After their first heist, Bridget,
Nina and Jackie literally roll in the dough
on Bridget's suburban bed. d'he gals'
boudoir revel in their illicit gain is mildly
reminiscent of Steve McQueen and All
McGraw ogling their ill gotten gain bed-
side in The Getairay, or Jim Brown and
Diahann Carroll on their bed of stolen
loot in The Split. AJl pale, however, to
the money bed scene of John Phillip Law
and Alarisa Alell in Dnnger Dhiholik.
Cascades of stolen screen cash
have been a staple of film tare for years,
and Mad Money does offer some good
ones. The best is the showy profusion of
falling cash sent slanvard which appears
on Mad Money's movie poster. BriLlget,
A barrel lopped willi prop notes, saved back from destruction,
appears in the film's classic money orgy final scenes
while we can bet that it's prop notes that Lafifah is torching below
258
July/ August • Whole No, 256 • Paper Money
Niuii and Jackie toss the loot gleetiilly into the
air* This scene harkens back to Barbara
Streisand's Fannie Brice, who tosses cash and
cares to the wind in Finrny LWy, the sequel to
her Fifnny GVrA
Still other films hav^e regaled us with the
snows of stolen money more vigorously. I he
great scene with Peter Falk, Paul Sorvino and
ere w i n T he Brin ks Job s pri n gs to m i n tl . S ce vq n
Gutcenberg literally swain in a sea ot currency
inside the U.S. Treasury Building in The Man
li To IVifsn V There- M usi dan Phil Co 1 1 1 ii s an d his
gang wafted through piles and piles of stolen
hoodie in Buster. But for sheer mayhem arising
from the profusion of purloined money, the
Kevin Costner / Kurt Russell 3000 Mi/es to
Graceinfhl heist tops my list.
Still in Mnei Money the camera catches delightful
sequences of currency tainalizingly dancing in and out of focus in
mitl-air. If you missed the film in its theatrical release, it might
he worth your while to catch it now on which was released
ill Alay,
You won't find the hTical effusion of cash shown in Val
Kilmer's Snltoj? Sen, hut sharp-eyed hobbyists with a quick eye
and u modicum of knowledge can catch glimpses of some of the
newer styles of movie money prop notes that fill Hollywood's
coffers. Props are used for the obvious securing and financial
concerns in place of real money in most film scenes.
Prop master for the film was Scott Reeder, a veteran of
n e a r ly 200 e p ist)d es of Dali as -has ed Wa/kcT, T exns Rtfnge/\ w' b e re
he offered up pallets-ftill of prop drug money* Here he pi ovides
a splendid array ot these numismatic gems, I spotted quite a
nuinlier of different notes cataloged in my hook. From the
e.xamples shown here, the reader can judge how realistic these
stand ins are tor the real deal when projected upon the tar wall at
24 frames per second.
Notes similar to these hills caught my eye in M/nl Money:
$1 Reseive Note (Reed ttq^e RA20-1)
$5 For Motion Picture Use Only (Reed t)pe RA8{}b-5)
S50 Cinema Resen^e Note (Reed npe R.A80a-50)
S50 Federal Resen^e Note (Reed t\pe RA85-50)
$50 Motion Picture Money (Reed npe R.A90-50)
$100 For Motion Picture Use Only (Reed npe R.A801>100)
$100 Federal Resen^e Not [sie] (Reed ppe RA85-10())
There were doubtless other types of notes, which 1 did-
n't pick up on while munching my popcorn. But hunting for
them was a blast. With the film now out in DAT), slow and stop
motion could doubtless turn up additional varieties.
VVIi ether these money angles or die semi-numismatic,
comedic glimpses invoiving the Fed in MW Money win over the
viewer or not, he/she should stay sharp for the numismatic fire-
w()rks at the film's end.
file money montage end credits, which parses Federal
Reseiwe Note designs in kaleidoscopic colors, is a visual delight
dancing acro.ss a giant screen. WTiatever one's feelings are about
the previous 100 minutes, this film ends on high NOTES. ❖
Keaton's husband, played by Ted Danson, altempts lo
get rid of the damning stolen loot by shredding and
flushing evidence of the gals' ill-goflen gain.
Male pals Roger Cross (above) and Adam Rothenherg
(below) play subsidiary roles to the heroines' comedic
adventures in Mad Money.
Paper Money * July/August ■ Whole No, 256
259
M
^ID MONEY IS NOT THB: ONIT RECENT FILM IT) BRING PAPER MONEY
to center stage on the silver screen. The acclaimetl. Oscar-winning foreign language
movie Die Falscher {The Comiteifcitvn) tlrainatizes the Nazi Operation Bernhard to fake
British pounds during World War IL (See related stoty following on page 260 .)
Pdpcr Momy enjoyed the him a good deni. But was confused hv tlie purported proof sheets of U.S. C-note
flees (shown being examined alK)\'c with an overly large C-note b-ack tlcsign), on which the note impressions \eere
widely distributed across the sheet, so we called upfui World War II niiinismatic e.xpert, SPAK!] mem her Joe Bcding
to critique the film, joe is co-author (with Fred Sebwan) of the massive, 860-fiage IVorld JlWr !rRL 7 iH^//d>iTed: ^
in your a fumtisniiitk study (BXR Press, 1995) which is currently under revision.
'‘Tr is not really about the counterfeiting operation^’ Boling noted, *"biit about the relarionships between the
prisoners and their jailers, and among the pris{jners themselves. I'he side story about the prisoners wanting to delay
the completion ol the SI 00 notes in order to prevent the Ciermans from obtaining the foreign exchange that they
v'ouid represent is nor cirawn from life, as far as I know. As for the technical
side* 1 saw Uvo obvious errors (and will
no doubt hnd more wlien I can view the
him on DAT)). The s)>acing of the Si 00
notes on each sheet was wav too wide.
Banknote paper would have been pre-
cious, and the very wide gutters shown
on the proof sheets was com pie tel v
incorrect. In addition, the Federal
\ Reserve district seal.s on the notes shown
were incorrect — they had teeth, and
teeth were not introduced on those seals
until the Series of 1950. Unri! then the
s ea 1 s \v e re ro u i ui w i i h o u r t e e t li , and ! a rg-
er than w ere shown on the sheets in the
movie. Whoever the technical advisor
was cm currency, he did not do the film
any favors,” he added. ❖
260
July/ August * Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
y^vTvTlA yf Great Britain "WWII German Counterfeit
Pick# 33eB 1934-43 "OPERATION BERNHARD" 10 Pounds
fAMR MONEY GUARAm S/N K/ITl 397^8 Sachsenhauscn Camp By Jewish inmates
Very
Operation Bernhard Notes in Collection
By Bonn Pearlman
Operation Bernhard £1 0 Bank of A ONE-OF-A-KIND, AWARD-WINNING EXHIBIT OF HUNDREDS
England note, issue-dated July 18, of pieces of World War II era mail, documents, and counterfeit money
1936 / % related to the Nazis’ attempted extermination of Jews and others has
acquired from a private collector by an Illinois charitable founda-
tion. The foundation will preserv^e and offer the extraordinary items for public
use at Flolocaiist and genocide educational venues aroimd the world, and has set
up a web site for the historic artifacts (wrvnv* SpungenFoundation.org).
Numismatically most important to readers of Paper Money are the
“Operation Bernhard'’ Nazi fakes of British pound notes in the collection.
“The insured value of the collection is $1 million, but the educational
value to future generations is incalculable,” said Daniel Spungen, a member of
the board of the Northbrook, Illinois-based Florence and Laurence Spungen
Family Foundation.
Including recent additions contributed by Spungen, the collection now
contains a dozen examples of the 5,- 10-, 20- and 50- pound counterfeit Bank of
England notes created by slave laborers during ^'Operation Bernhard,” the Nazis’
failed plot to undermine England’s economy and the subject of the recent motion
picture, The Counteffeiters {see related story on page 259). These notes have
been certified by Paper Money Guaranty (PMG).
Between 1942 and 1945, inmates at the Sachsenhausen concentration
camp in Germany produced nearly nine million fake bank notes. iVlany of the
notes made during “Operation Bernhard” subsequently were used by the Nazis
CO pay unsuspecting merchants, foreign agents and spies.
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
261
77/-
ame
Operalion Bernhard £50 Bank of
England note, issue-dated )une 15,
1933
Operation Bernhard £5 Bank of
England note, issue-dated Oct. 29,
1935
“One of the most heartbreaking artifacts and historical evidence of Nazi
desecration is a torn fragment of a hand-written Hebrew parchment from a Bible
scroll {Tanakh)^^ Spungen said. “A German soldier used the holy scripture to
wrap a parcel he mailed from Russia to Austria in 1942.”
“The sacred parchment was pillaged from a Russian synagogue.
Ironically, the portion that was used as wrapping paper has passages from the
first book of Samuel about the story of David and Goliath,” explained Spungen.
The postal artifacts are evidence of the torments, ravages and terror of
war and genocide in Europe from 1933 to 1945. They also show that many pris-
oners never lost hope, and the human spirit sumved.
“We will be giving educational institutions and museums around the
world the opportunity to use the exhibit materials for displays, lectures and
research,” said Florence Spungen, Founder of the Foundation. “This is a perma-
nent educational tool for all generations to document this important period of
time that cannot be forgotten.”
The Holocaust exhibit was acquired intact from noted researcher, writer
and collector, Ken Lawrence, of Bellefonte, PA a native Chicagoan and a former
\ace President of the American Philatelic Society. Lawrence began assembling
this materia! in 1978. The Spungen Foundation no%v will be the guardian of the
more than 250 envelopes, post cards, letters, specially-designated postage stamps
used exclusively by concentration camp inmates, Jewish ghetto residents and
prisoners of war, and, of course, the counterfeit money.
262
July/ August * Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Operation Bernhard £10 Bank of
Engfcincl note, issue-dated April 16,
T935
rZ
//^€'
/Je ' ’/aj/i {'yrnm'iZ/ Z
3o it '/ /& /fy ^//m/ /■93S
^ /Of-Wj/ -'
fi/ (ov/y/ant/y
/
/■
‘/uY C^45^?>vv :
Frequently exhil>icetl by Lawrence, the philatelic items won awards at
stamp shows including a 2006 international exhihition in Washington, DC.
“ The scroll page that was used for mailing a parcel is the most viscerally
disturbing item. Some scholars have toKl me it is among the most important sur^
viving evidence of Nazi desecration 2’ said Lawrence,
“(Chronic, flagrant desecration exemplified by violating that sacred scrip-
ture imhued the cultured Gen nan nation and historically honor- bound German
army with an inhuman attimde ttnvard jews that made the 1 lolocaust l)Oth possi-
ble, and gi^■en the opporiiinin', inevi tabled' he said.
Some <il the ghetto and concentration camp letters have ccKied or hidden
messages about the plight of the senders. Research about the postal materials has
led to discovery of a previously un re ported undercover address in Lisbon,
Portugal, used by Jewish resistance fighters, and the location of two camps in
Romania for slave laborers and political detainees.
In addition to the Bi[>!e scroll fi'agment used for wrapping a package, the
collection includes such significant philatelic material as:
• Rare exam[)Ies of mail scjxt to prisoners and mail sent hem een inmates at
different camps;
• \ card sent by an inmate at Dachau soon alter it opened in 1933, which
is the earliest knowai prisoner mail from an)' Nazi concentration camp;
• An October 3, 1943, letter to his parents in Rzeszow, Poland, From
Eduard Pys, a 21 -year-old who arrived on the first transport at the
Auschw itz concentration camp in May, 1940;
• The only knowm surxaving []icce of mail sent by Rabbi Leo Baeck, the
leader ofCierman JewTV (Reiehsvertretimg der Deutschen Juden), w hile
lie was confined to the Theresienstadt ghetto;
• A postal checking account receipt imprinted with a crude anti-Semitic
caricature denoting payment for a subscription to a Nazi propaganda
news pa per, Dur Stiniirr;
• Mail secretly carried by children through the sewers of Warsaw during
the 1 944 uju’ising;
• Mail clandestinely carried from Nazi -occupied Poland to the exhibit
Polish Navy headquarters in London and to a Jew ish resistance leader in
Sw itzerland;
The Florence and Laurence Spungen Family Foundation was established
in 2006 to support cliantal>Ie and educational causes. The organization's w ebsite
is WW W. SpungenFoundation.org [.] <*
Paper Money ' July/August * Whole No. 256
263
- m
Bank of Scotland £50 note nets “Bank Note of Year” laurels
HE JXTERNATIOXAL BANK NOTE SOCIETY'
(TBNS) aniiouncetl recently that the Bank of Scotia iitrs
50-pound note has been awarded the Societ)N “Bank Note of
the Year” for a hank note issued in 2007.
In an April ceremony in the Bank's Edinliurgh Mead
Office, representatives of the IBNS presented certificates and
medals marking this award to Graeme Donald^ Mead of
Industry and Products, Payment Sen ices at 1 1 BOS pk\ the
parent company of Bank of Scotland pic; and Stuart Rost,
Banknote Designer at De La Rue Currenev (shown above),
rhe IBN’S judges considered the 50-poii nd note to he a
bold design and an outstanding representative ot the new
series ot notes issued by the Bank of Scotland in September
2007, Dominating the note is an ethereal portrait of Sir
Ukdter Scott giving the note an intriguing ambienee consider-
ing the range of traditional and modern features on the note.
Raleigh has appeared on many notes issued by the Bank
of Scotland, but this is the first representation of Scott based
on the famous portrait by Sir I lemy Raeburn, painted in IH22,
The innovative depiction of Scott
is one aspect of the note that
found favour with the judges.
Blessed with generous pro-
per tions^ the note is impressive to
hold and uses the available space
to excellent effect. The front of
the note, designed around Scott’s
portrait, incorp<i rates a range of
security leatureSj the most evi-
dent of which are a hologram on
a toil patch and a wide micro-
printed security thread with
colour shifting effect (red to
green). Tliese elements create a
framework around which are
images of the Bank's historic
headquarters in Ed in burgh. Its
coat of arms, the Bank of
Scotland's logo ajid, very much subordinated to the dominat-
ing |)ortrait ot Scott, the promissorv text. In contrast to this,
the denomination numerals arc set out in dramatically hold
tashifjn using a dean sim])ie font st>de.
The hack of the note is if anything even more dramatic.
It features one rif Scotland's most e.xciting conremporarv engi-
neering and architectural achievements, the Falkirk A^lieel.
d he minimal text, again in bold and simple style, sen es to
enlianee the tirama of the central feature, to hugely impressive
effect.
Gontrihudng to the judges’ decision was the comhinatimi
t)f tradidonal skills and modern technolog)^ used by the note's
tlesigners, De La Rue Currency — especially the fact that the
pt)rtrait engraving was pnjduced usings computer generated
|iattcrns and was not hand-engravcLl in tlte trariitiunal way.
d’he 5fi-pound note was a dear w inner in this year’s com-
petition, impressing the judges with its artistic and tecliiiical
excellence, its unusual and innovative design and its superior
produedon, the IBNS news release said, <*
Face of the award-winning £50 pound banknote; back is shown above.
264
July/August * Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
3/29/08
Fred,
Do we h^ive artotlier governmentiil Coul-up?
Two (2) types of S5.0() FRNs with same Series # 2006, I believe this is incorrect. The latest bill should
he 2006-A,
— Sincerely, George IV. Taylor
Series 2006 $5 Federal Rcser\^e Note
Series 2006 $5 Federal Reseiwe Note
New Nex-Gen colorized $5 FRNs are unprecedented
OR THK FIRS'f TIME IN 'I HE HISTORY OF LI.S.
Federal C^urrency, two notes of the same class and i.leiioni-
inacion RUT DIFFERENT DESlCiNS have the same Series
yean BO' FI I non-colori^.ed and cf)lorized Seines 2(K)6 $5
Federal Rcsenre Notes have been produced, althtnigh the non-
colorized Series 2006 FRNs were produced only as a collector
issue for sale at a premium. All such notes liear “collector”
serial numbers I l lNyXXXXXX,
The first collector to cult Pitper Momys attention to this is
member CJeorgc \^^ Taylor, wht) wrote the lull tor shortly
after the new notes entered circulation (see above).
Paper inonev expert Cfcne FI ess I cr, author of Pijv
C()f?/pirba/iive Oftnhu; of U.S. P^iper Money, confirmed this
unprecedeiitctl happenstance among: Series designations.
'['hen Pnper Money asketl both the 13 EP and paper money
authority Peter Fluntooii for their comments.
"Yes, this is veiy curious,” Fluntooii observ^cd, “This is
new. dlie convention for dating and numbering small size
notes has broken down during the past several decades so the
fact is, we don't know what will appear on a new note until we
sec one.
“'Flicy typically, hut not always, start a new series when a
new design is introduced, even including neiv seals such as
with the 81 Scries of 1969. Then they add and next incre-
Paper Money • JuEy/August • Whole No. 256
265
mented ^ s\iffix lecter to the scries date* There are exceptions
to this pattern, the first beings back in the SC SI 1928E, and
LT S2 1928C, and S5 1928B, series when they changed the
legal tender clauses without designating a new series.
“Usually, though, incrementing the series letters Involved
a signature change, but not aways as was the case wlicn tlicy
incremented the letters when they increased the si?:c of the
plate numbers during the early Julian-Morganchau era.
“They arbitrarily began to change the sei ies on occasion
without a design change, the first time being the Series of
1974 Sis, hut then they would stmietijiies revert hack to the
pattern of adding a series suffix letter.
Additionally, three other traditions broke down:
(1) They would occasionally, and now usually, arbitrarily
restart serial nunihcring with each signature change, rather
than allow the serials to continue sequentially from die fore-
going,
(2) They would arbitrarily occasionally re.start the face
and black plate check numbering ov^er widiin a given design.
(3) Usually look-alike designs utilised the same series
year but no more. Notice that the colorized S20s are datetl
2004, the S5s2006.
“The patterns in all the variables have become erratic,
I iowever, it must be noted chat there never was a firm and fast
convention for any v^ariable. This is just one m(/ie exanijile of
the fickleness and asymmem' that characterizes any human
endeavmr.
“Also notice with the new colorized series chat they have
begun to use an arbitrary' beginning prefix letter in the serial
numbers to differentiate the notes from chose that preceded.
Specifically, the new S5s and Si Os all utilize the beginning
prefix T instead of ‘A' for the first notes printed in the series,
while the S20s use *E’, etc.”
Official BEP Statement on Series 2006 S5 FRNS
Officially HEP media relations director CdaLulia DickeJis
puts a fine point to Hiintoon^s findings,
“The following is the response to your question of two
designs on Series 2006 S5 bills,” Ms. Dickens wrote:
“The series year on United States banknotes changes
when there is a new Secretar) and/or when a major redesign
of die note takes place. Secretar}' of the Treastirv Paulson was
confirmed by the Senate in 2006; accordingly, as soon as nev^^
plates could he made hearing his signature Ijanknotes began
carrvnng the series year of 2006.
“VMien the redesigned S5 note was issued die decision
was made to retain the series year 2006 on them since, like the
SlO note which first bore the series year 2006, it was another
note in the "New Color of Alone} " series. The old S5 bill bas
the letter "H" preceding its serial mimlicr, and the new S5
carries the letter 'T' as its prefix.
The BEP also confirmed that this is unprecedented in
U.S, federal currency historv^ “No, vv'e are not aware ol ariv
other instance like this one,” Ms, Dickens noted,
F,ditoris note: So, (jeorge, we at Pnper Money guess the
answer to your questions is “No, this is NOT a govern men oil
foul-up, since it was done intentionally, BUT it sure is gosh
dam unusual/’ It appears to this writer a simfde uniform plan
For designating currency Series years could he implemented,
but we also doubt that such a solution will in lact be undertak-
— Ff^ed Reed ♦t*
The Secret Revealed?
By Raphael Ellenbogen (deceased)
N HIS iVNECDOTAL BOOK THE ROMANCE OF
Co'iii Colkefmg^ Edward C* Roche tie (a former President
and Executive Director of the ANA) w rites on “The Secret
of the Number in the Shadow” (page 27). He relates his
search for die secret of the number 3172, which is hidden
in the bushes at tlie left side base of the Lincoln Memorial
on the back of then current five dollar bills.
He quotes Robert J* Leuver, former head of the
Bureau of Engraving and Printing and at that time
Executive Director of the ANA, who stared, “The number
goes hack a long time in the lore of currency, but it actual-
ly has no significance.”
Ed also recounts the hidden names of the first 26
states of the union (the first twelve, in the order of admit-
tance, on the tops of the 12 columns in the tront of the
Memorial and die balance of 14 on the frieze at the upper
part of the jVIenio rial.)
1 submit, that the minute engraving of these “states”
has a correlation to the “hidden” numher 3172:
Adding the figures rcjgether, tliey total 13 standing for
the original “13” colonies admitted to the union: The first
“3,” in 1 7B7; die next “1,” at tire turn of the year Januari^ I,
I78S; the following “7,” throughout I78B; and the last “2”
in 1789-90.
l^his may be fanciful chinking, but until another theo-
ly is expounded, it is certainly a “romantic” conception. *%*
3 17 2
en*
266
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Mary C. Williamson,
National Bank President
By Karl Sanford Kabelac
M ary c. vi'illiamson ser\td as presidrni'
of the First Ndtioniil I3ank of Porta Ics, New Mexico
(hmndccl in 1902, Charter #61 H 7) for almost a year, frf>m A lay
1 1 , 1920, to Alarch 9, 1921. She became president after the
death of her husband, George M. YYilliamson, vs ho had died
on A larch 8 , J920* She relinquished the position when, in the
settlement of his estate, the stock that had been owned by him
was transferred to a group
of Poitales businessmen.
She was born Alary
Cox on July 3, 1872. Mer
father was a prosperous
rancher in Brazoria
Counw, Texas* As a 3 ‘oung
woman she was courted by
W^illiamson, who was sev'-
eral }^ears her senior.
He was the resident
manager of the JR Ranch
in Crosl)y County, Te.vas,
a ranch owned by his uncle
by marriage. They w^erc
m a I'r i e d on D ecem ber 3 1 ,
1895, and spent the fust
years of their marriage at
the ranch.
In 1902 they moved
to Povtales, a new conimu-
nity in east central New
Mexico, about 15 miles
from the Texas border.
W’^illiamson began a suc-
cessful career in the cattle
business. They were active in the community. He was a
Mason and she was a member of the Eastern Star and the
Porta I es VVomen’s Club,
In July 1917, he was a leading partner in assuming the
ownership of the First National Bank of Portales. The news-
paper account noted his “sound business sagacity, good judg-
ment and lair dealings with the public."^
But hard times were ahead. The winter of I91S was espe-
cially cold, and then the following summer veiy drv^ making it
costly to maintain canle. Then the market price of cattle col-
lapsed. AAnlliamson himself became ill and, w riting his will in
late Februaty 1920, died the next month at die age of 56.
Widiin a year of relinquishing the bank presidency, Aiaiy
Williamson moved to San Diego, CA. She died there on
Februar}^ 25, 1926, of cancer at the age of 53. She was sur-
vived by their two children.
The hank itself continues to this day in IMrtales as a
Wells Fargo Bank.
Sources and acknowledgments
The George Al. W'illiamson and associates purchase of
the FNB of Portales is found in Tbv Ponnks Vniky Seivs for
July 27, 1917; his ohinian' is found in the same newspaper,
March 11, 1920; and the transfer of the Williamson hank
holdings is in the March 10 , 1921, issue. Helpful articles on
the hi scon' of the bank are found in the Ponaks Nrd^s-Tnbune,
April 4, 1972. Wnlliamson's
career at die JR Ranch and his
courtship and marriage to Mary
arc found in J. C. .McNcilh The
McNeills' SR Rajnh: 100 }M/rs in
ShincQ Citiiyon (1988); and sum-
marized in the entity for die SR
Ranch in the online version of
The Handbook ofTcxns^ Alary C.
Williamson’s death certificate is
filed in the San Diego CA
County Clerk's Office. The
research skills and assistance of
Janelle Foster of Portales XAl
are gratefully acknow ledged. *1*
Minutes of the bank's Board of
Directors, May TC 1920, and
March 9, 1921, recording the
election of Mary C Williamson as
president and her resignation*
At a call of Board of Directore of
tbo Pirst Natioiial Bank of Portalai?, lew Ue^ica, on
tbe 9th, dav of March, 19? 1, the following mature rs
were pres aid:;
Mary C, Will ianiE on , Chairman,
Wm, EengEin, Secretary,
Kd J, Rfler,
J, Priddjf
C . 0, Leach,
The following preeeedings ware had to-wit:
Hary WilliaiiiEcm tendered bar reaignatiom
as presidont and director of paid bank. Same was
acoop tod,
Eoagan tendered his resignation as
Actiw-Fioe Presideixt and director and Kamo was
accepted*
C* 0. |«ach tendered his resignation ac
director of said bank and same was acce^itsd*
There being no further business before the
Board the meeting a4jtiurned>
1 lUST IlVXH
UB7,Xlth,a92fl.
it a meeting ot tlrifl BoBrd of l^ifeotors Of th#
yirat Hatlonel Bank of Por tale e*hft 1ft at th* off Loo
of Bald hank on date abore iiff!ied*the followliag
dirootoiu hoing preBont,to witi
J.B.Prlddyt Tloo Jrsaldonti
Bd*J. Heart Eiid*VLoo ^reeiiont,
T.£«aoars, liilT0OtoiP*
the foil owing prooeadlnga wero lainl*to wit;
On metlo^ inly, made *and oarrled Mary C.HilliamBont
was oleoted a dlrootor of eaid'bant- All dlreotorEi
present to ting for Duoh motlemtfuid her eleetloti as
such deolereda
On motion dnly made and earriodtliary C. If! 11 lame on,
was then duly elected Freeldent of the hoard of
Dire c tor a of as id butktin lion of (1,11. Will lamBon*
deoeosed*
Xn witneas who roof that tho abova end foregoing warn
the proceedings had on said data * vs hereunto sat our
hands and seals, the day end yoar flret shove written.
^ Chaimum*
Paper Money - July/August ■ Whole No. 256
267
Silver Certificate Series of 1934A G-A $5 Mules
by Jamie Yakes
T he series of 1934a face plates were the first S5 sil\t:r certificate plates
engraved with macro plate numbers* They were initially used for production on January 14, 1938. Al\ the
available back plates at diis time were micros so the early Series oC 1934A production was exclusively mules. xYIacro
backs came online in March, and mule production became increasingly diluted with non-mules until the last of the
regular micro backs wore out in 1940.
Series of 1934A mules can be found overprinted with serials in the D-A, E-.^, F-A, G-A, and H-A blocks*
The trend was that the mules became increasingly scarcer as production progressed into the G-A and ll-A blocks.
E- and F-A Blocks
The D-A, E-A and F-A blocks %yere completed by die tall of 1939^ and used most of the available produc-
tion of micro back sheets during the year. Finding a 1934A mule from one of these blocks is not very difficult.
There are short, Uncirculated runs of these varieties, making them relatively common*
In fact, no D-A non-mules are reported. It appears that mvicro-hack sheets w^ere first serial numbered just
after the last D-A serial was printed.
G-A Block
In comparison to the odier blocks, the G-A block falls in the middle in terms of availability* The beginning
of G-A Qverpriiinng caught sufficient micro-back production that notes are available, but most production was non-
mule*
My obsen^ations on the G-A serials reveal that this mule variety is much scarcer than current prices would
have one believe, especially in Uncirculated condition.
H-A Block
The H-A block is a small-size rarity. The current census contains only ffiree notes, with the highest report-
ed serial being a low HO 19981 15A. Serial numbers were first printed on this block in the spring of 1940, which is
well after all but one of the micro back plates was removed from sendee* 'Fhis last micro back plate, 905, w^as taken
out of senice Februaiy 15, 1941). Sheets printed from this plate lasted long enough to have been available for the
i n i ti a ! H - A over p r i n t i n g la te r th a t yea r .
Late Alicro Back Productioii
Overprinting of the G-A block began sometime during September or October 1939* There were only three
micro back plates in production then; these were the only ones used after August 1939. Table 1 shoAvs die usage for
these plates.
Table 1- Usage of $5 micro-back plates after August 1939.
Plate Serial
Micro 902
Micro 905
Micro 938
Dates Sent lo the Press
Jan 2, 1938 lo Nfov 2, 1939
Jul 20, 1939 to Dec 13, 1939
Dec 21, 1939 to Feb 14, 1940
May 11, 1939 lo Sep 5, 1939
Notesr Production from these active plates appears on the G-A mules* {Figures 1, 2, and 3,)
268
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
I
TW^T
G4235231lli
Figure 1, Mule 042352311 A, plates
C998/902. This note was printed du
late 1939.
G423523UA
ID3.4 A
■tt'.KSTTlX’fTTAV Ur
G73777024fl
Figure 2. Mule G73777024A, plates
D1 056/905. This note w'as printed in the
spring of 1940. Back plate 905 is also
found on the rare H-A mules.
G73777024A
vv,vs»(.vc;t(>.v.d.(;
Gn485h7A
Figure 3. Mule G1 T485217A, plates
K976/938. Piftiled during autumn 1939.
Back plate 93B is the highest number
assigned to a $5 micro back plate.
G1148521? A
G158273G7fl
Figure 4. Mule G15827367A, plates
1929/895. This note was printed uring the
autumn of 1939. This back plate was last
used in January of 1939,
XTTIS £CJtTTnC
f&FtAUDirTE
G158273B7A
Figure 5, Mule C10359TBOA, plates
F972/896. This note was printed during
the fall of 1939. Along with back plates
895 and 901, 898 was used for the final
time in January, 1939.
G10359180A
G10359180fl
GAsegiorgr
Figure L Mule C46691089A, plates
A997/90K This note was printed late in
1939 with a back plate that was printed in
January of that year, (Image courtesy of
Currency Auctions of America)
G4GG91089A
Paper Money * July/August - Whole No. 256
269
In addition, other micro backs from stockpiled sheets were used to produce these mules. These included
production from micro backs 895, 896 and 90] . O'hese three plates left the presses on Januan- 27, 1939.
• G15827367A has back 895, but was numbered in earl\' autumn !939, eight months after the plate wore out.
(Figure 4.)
• G10359180A, with back 896, was also numbered in the early fall of 1939. (Figure 5.)
• G46601089A has back 901, .Although the back wore our in January 1939, it was numbered later that year,
most likely in December. (Figure 6.)
Tliese notes prove the fact that sheets from these [places were l)eing used from stockpiled supplies.
The reported IF.A specimens all use micro 905, the last regtilar micro hack used. They too were printed
fi-om stockpiles that lasted several months beyond the last use of that plate.
Conclusion
Series of 1934A S5 Silver Certificate mules are common except for the G-A and TT.A blocks. The scarciw
of G-A mules is attributed to (1) the diminished supply of micro back plates and (2) the increased availabilin^ of
macro backs by the time this block was produced. Some CTA mule production was from stockpiles of previously
printed micro backs including 895, 896 and 901, all of which had been taken out of sen ice long before the block
was numbered.
Acknowl edge nicnts
Jim Flodgson provided scans of the notes in Figures 2 and 3. Peter Huntoon provided technical assistance.
References
Currency Auctions of iVnierica/Heritage Auctions Galleries. Permanent Auction .-Vi chives.
Fluntoon, Peter, S. SmalFSize %5 Alules,’’ Paper Money^ vol. 36, whole no. 192 (Nov/Dec 1997), pp. 179-190,
Takes, Jamie. “S5 1928C Legal Tender FA Mules and $5 1934 Silver Certificate FIA Mules: Cousins in Production
and Rarity.’’ Paper Moiuy, vol. 46, whole no, 252 (Nov'/Dec 2007), p. 42 4-42 6.
Early American • P.O. Box 3507 • Rancho Santa Fe, CA 92067
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270
July/August * Whole No, 256 • Paper Money
Krause award honors former SPMC board member Ferreri
PMC REGION.AL MEE'riNG COORDINAl’OR
Jutlich Murphy called our lUtention to a [>leasaiTt “right of
passage’^ in die hobby arena reeendy*
Longtime SPATC boartl member, Cl johi'i f-'errei i had
been presented the coveted Krause Publications “Numismatic
Ambassador"^ award h)r hai'tl woi'k within the hohhv".
It wasn't new's to P/ipcr Money that Ferreih (SPATC mem-
ber #2570) has been active shouldering die volunteer load. He
was S PAT C T teas u re r f ro rii 1 9 7 fi- 1 9 7 0 , an d Ciove rn or fo i* 2 2
years, J 979-2001. He also has sened the Stjciety as Awards
Chairman, Nominating Chairman, and Puhlidt)- Cdiairmam
Ferreri has also w on several SPA IC literaiy awards.
VA'e'll quote liberally from Krause Publications executive
Dave Harper'S account
“T have (ust returned from a
one-day show^ put on hy the
.Mansfield Numismatic Society tn
Wil liman tic, C.T.d" Harper wrote
on his internet blog several months
ago. “It was held Sunday, Alarch
.U), 1 spent yesterday mo ruing in
trails it
“Mj’ mission was to gi\e two
Numismatic Ambassador Aw ards.
The award is gi\'en to iioliby work-
ers and volimteei's ivlio make orga-
nized numismatics w hat it is.
“d1ie first recipient was Cl
John I'erreri. I le has been the show'
chairman since the first one in
I 973. The place the award w as
given w'as at the entrance to die old
high school gj'mnasiiim that is the
location of the 75- table show'.
“Roger Durand blew the whis-
tle at about ll:50 a.m. like a high
school basketball referee and the
room became silent — if you can
imagine such a thing on a bourse floor. However, I had spent
more than half an hour prior warning dealers at their tables
that it was going to happen and not to think something was
wrong.
“I cited Ferreri for his work with the AT NS and many in
the room spontaneously clap|>ed.
“.A.S the president of the AT NS said, afterwards, ‘John is
the man. He’s the life blood of the dub,"
“As a surprise, we had persuaded the seconti recipient to
travel down from the Boston area to be present to see herreri
receive his award.
Then the second award w ent to Ttim Rockw'cll of N<n tb
Andover He is, I believe, 96 years old, and he has been a stal-
wart in diree dubs, the Boston Numismatic Society, where lie
has been secretar;-, the Clitrcncy C'luh of New' Faigland, wTiere
he has also been secretary and the Boston Numismatic
Society, where he has been treasurer.
“Adding all of the terms together, he has spent about 1 00
I'ears as a hobby volunteer, according to Durand's arithmetic,
*“l never thought Fd get it,' the surprised Rockvvdl told
me over and oi^er again as w-e posed for photos with the
plaque.
“W'ell, the people at the show' th(>ught it was about time
they both got the aw ards. I was happy to he in the right place
at the right time to make it so.
“Then it ivas back to business,'' E larper added.
P/fper Moniy asked the modest yoeman to give us some
background on bis hobby activities,
“I am still digesting the bict that I even got tbe award/'
Ferreri w rote. “As I look through the catalogue of past anibaS’'
sadors I see pictured different folks who were well known on
the national scene for writing, being active in major conven-
tions, insdruting and promoting certain activities such as with
junior members. *T hese are people w ho vou would see at all
the major show's or jierhaps know' them by their association
with the board at the .ANA. These folks were in position to use
their influence and knowledge and used it w isely for the good
of the hobby.
“The experiences I have enjoyed the most in our hobb\'
are Brst, being one of the founders of out local dub, the
.Mansfield Numismatic Society, Sally Kirka, (deceased) anoth-
er ambassador and also from Connecticut along with brother
Chet Gtabowski, (still an active dealer) and close friend
Herman Ivrajcvvski, (deceased) led guidance to our efforts/’
Ferreri recalled.
“More recently, my son Eric, now reporting ftir the Xeii's
nmi Olm'jver in Raleigh / Durham / CTapd Hill, NC gave me
many ideas on how' to contact and promote club activities in
the worki of |irint.
“We sponsored a show within our first year and then I
seemed to have inherited that job because J was the one w ith
most outside collector and dealer contacts. So, putting on the
show, publicin' and meetiiig acti\Tries became my job for the
next 35 years.
“Soon after that 1 became involved with SPAK^ and held
the 'Freasurer’s post for several years. That was a veiy enjtn-
able time during my collecting career. At that time I had the
Paper money anybody? Taken three years ago at a Mansfield Numismatic Sodety show, L-R
Don Gilletti (now deceased), [ohn Schwartz, fohn Ferreri, and Mike Crabb share an informal
candid moment.
Paper Money • July/Augiist * Whole No, 256
271
Letters to the Editor
Dear Fred,
l"he folloA^nng is a curious item I have come across, that you may use m the magazine:
A fellow in Michigan was lately robbed of $14,000 in Wild Cat money. He very generously offers a rey^ai’d of 25
cents for his pocket book, provided die thief will keep the money* (Columbus (MS) De?7mr/it of June 8, 1839)
— regards f Clifford Thies
Dear Fred,
I am a reladvely new member to SPMC, after having collected for many years. Are any articles planned on
Colonials and/or Continentals?
“ tfmjikyoity Anthony Bongiovamii Jr.
Editor’s Note: How about it readers? I love to run some articles cm our earliest currencies* — F?‘ed Reed
Currency Conservation & Attribution llc
f Cv To learn more about this holder:
-ft • 9° to www.c5acca.com
• email us at info^icsacca.com The Best of Class
mail us at 321 Seventh Street, Mead, CO 80542 Confederate Currenev Holder
CC^A
I 1
I Buying & Selling |
I All Choice to Gem CD Fractional Currency |
I Raying Over Bid {
j Please Call; 314-878-3564 |
I ROB'S COINS & CURRENCY |
I P.O. Box 6099, Chesterfield, MO 63006 |
I I
272
July/ August * Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
time to travel to Memphis and
other show dcsdnations,
“Who would not enjoy
gabbing with the likes oF John
A his cal us, George Wait, Dick
Hoober, Grover and Clarence
Criswell, Jiin ("urto, Warren
Henderson, Ralph Goldstoiie,
George I hitie, Frank Sprinkle,
Bob & Bern^ Medlar, Biirndl
Over lock, Owen Wants and
other trail blazers of the
hobby :” Ferre ri continued.
“One statement made by
our member Roy Pennell at
the first SPjMC board meeting
1 attended stuck with me all
these veal's. Roy was speaking
to the board and was remind^
ing it about the an important
tluty we have as an organ izvi-
tion of collectors with some^vhat more
knowledge of the subject than the ordinary'
'Joe.’
“He said that an important function
of SPxMC is to disseminate the knowledge
we have gathered in order to Inform oth-
ers. Disseminating knowledge through
ciuh programs, club shows and publica-
tions seemed to be the best way to do it so
|ohn and his betler half, his wife Sue, pose for
a lensman at the West Point Museum.
these became my \^enue for this task.
“One blessing I have had all these
y^ears has been a dedicated core of mem-
bers who have unselfishly' aided me with
these projects, some for as many y^ears as I
have been active. W^e can be proud that
our local club has accomplished so many'
things over the ears,” Ferreri added.
Well said, John. •>
Graphic artist offers followup to plate printing article
Deal' .Mr, Reed,
.-\s an artist who has createil a nuniher of intaglio iwinm, 1
sy ni path i zed with d'erry BryaiFs attempts to achieve good
proofs from his ABKCo plates (Alarch/Ajjrll 20(IK PitjKT
Money)^ Even with professional instruction, I had to learn
much in the printing arts by trial and error; for Mr, Bryan to
proiltice respectable images with little guidance was quite an
accomplishment.
Let me contribute a few tips for those who wish to make
their ovvn proofs. 1 would first recommend picking up a hook
on intaglio pnntmaking techniques. Fhe majority of writing in
these 1 . 100 ks will be on etching and engraving the (date, hut the
chapters on printing will be of great assistance. Before inking a
plate I clean it with either alcohtd or ammonia mixed with
whiting powder. I warm the plate before inking. It is inipor-
lant CO use an etching ink, not a lithografdiic ink, or a writing
ink, as Mr. Biyan discovered. Graphic Chemical Gom|>any of
Illinois (graphicchcniicahcom) sells the inks I use. They even
make a “Graphic Etching Bank Note Black Ink”, which is
more expensive than their ocher blacks but it is very opaque. (
apply the ink with a hit of surplus matting, anti then I wi]>e the
excess ink off with a fabric called tartetan, which is basically
starched cheesecloth. For the final wijie I prefer to hand wipe.
This final wiping is where the real artistry comes into play.
'The hand must move quickly anti sharply^ but without much
pressure on the plate. If the haiid wipes too far it will smear
the ink. Wen'king arottnd the plate w ith a series of short wipes,
] wnpc anti chalk my- hand he tween \vipes to ihy any oil jiicked
up on the previous stroke.
Choosing a good paper is extremely important. J he num-
ber of choices available fi*om printmaking supply houses can
be dizzying, but f would suggest either Arches Cover or Rives
BFK as excellent papers to start with. .Avoiil the thinner
Japanese papers until you are more adept at pi intmaking.
Printmaking papers can he can lie purchased on-line through
any nujiiher of iirt suppliers, such as Dick Bliek
{dickhlick.com) or Graphic Chemical (graphiccbemical.com).
.Mr. Bryan was correct to instruct that the paper must be
dampened before printing, but it takes more chan a quick
s|nitz to get good results. Let the paper sit in a tub of water
for a good 15 miiuiies of more, then blot it to remove any
e.xccss before printing.
Now^ we come to the most problematic stage, the actual
printing. VAhrhout a roller press, getting a good proof will he
quite difficult, as Mr. Bryan discovered with his clamps. Many
art schools’ continuing education progi’ams or art associations
offer printmaking classes. Enrolling in a class will give you an
opportunity^ to use their press. *Fhe instructor would certainly
he thrilled to see the artistry of one of these old bank note
plates brought to lile. If y^ou can’t find a class, you might cry'
contacting a printmaking artist in your area. Remember chat
the artist’s press is a prized possession and he or she will be
unlikely to let you lay a hand on it, but for a fee the artist
might be willing to print your proof If you are serious about
printing your plates, buy^ V'our own press. The Dick Blick
Econo Etch Model II Press at S3 66 has a reputation ftm being
one of the best values in an entry' level press. WTien you con-
sider that the rUiNCo plates are no^v selling for thousands of
dollars, the expentliture for one of these presses is quite rea-
sonable.
One final option I can offer is that 1 would be willing to
print proofs for SPMC members for a reasonable fee in my
studio. I would prefer to make proofs from small vignette
plates, not full-size bank notes. Those interested may write me
at jonsmalI@cox.iict. I was recently draivn to collecting bank
note plates and proofs while researching my ancestor, Stephen
A. Schoff (1818-1904). I have inherited or purchased a number
of pieces relating to his work in the bank note field, and I hope
to write some fiiture articles about his story^ for Piiptr iMoftey.
Thank you, -- Jo/t SinaH MkhUetow/iy Rl
Editor’s note: Thanks John for this excellent information.
We look foi'vvard to your articles on Mr, Schoff.
Paper Money • Juiy/August * Whole No. 256
273
More wheresgeorge notes show up in change
been
T r3C^Si®?l 9^ n&xtl
u www.w he re^g BO rge.com
'^^lanE'n! sTAtTES; or AMEm CiV,
. iCTiJS LidP.nWife
Avncr^oorge^com
\V.\S1I I^■f iTVTfi [ >.0
Dear Fred,
I got one of chose marked bills in change, and
wouldn’t have paid any attention to it, if you hatin’ t
written about them in Papn- Money. So I’ll share it with
readers.
Dear Loren,
'Thanks for sharing your bilk Fll share one I got
recently too. I also got my marked bill in Norman, OK.
1 reeeived it in change iVoin a concessionaire at a
University of Oklahoma 1>asketball game on Jan. 27,
OU won and I came home with a soU’
venir (shown at left).
Go Lady Sooners!
Wdien I reported it the ne.\t day,
hoy was I surprised. In the “com-
ment” area, the first spender had
appended his girlfriend’s photo.
According to the wlieresgeorge
database the note was entered at
Derby, KS on Sepc. 22, 2007, Five
days later it hit in Wichita, KS, and
I got it April 20th (nearly seven
months later) in Norman, OK.
'Three days later, the note {at right)
was reported in Dallas, TX.
— regm'dSf Loren Gntch
BT\\' it ejitered the database on Jan, 16 at nearby
Yukon, OK. WeMl see where it shows up. — Fred <*
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website: horwedelscurrency.com
274
Ju[y/August • Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
The Clements of Rutland, Vermont
Gave it Two Tries
A BIG SURPRISE IN NOMlMBER 2004, \^^AS DISCOWRJNG A
Series al 1875 5-5^5-5 certified proof for The Clement National
Bank of Rutland, A^erniont (Charter #2537) among the BEP proofs in
the Smithsonian holdings. What makes the proof special is that the
officers of the hank never completed the process of organizing.
1 lowever, a later bank with the same title, but Charter #2950, was
organized, and first issued Series of 1882 Brown Backs. This is die storv^ of this
most interesting proof, die hank, and the Clements.
The Two Clement National Banks
Charles Clement began organizing The Clement National Bank of
Rutland, \T, on June 20, 1881. Waldo P. Clement, his youngest son, was list-
ed on the organizanon certificate as the cashier. The Comptroller of the
Currency awarded Charter #2537 to the bank three days later, upon the deposit
of $35,000 ill 3.5% bonds to secure their currency, and a $5 Series ot 1875
plate was ordered.
However, something %vent
amiss. The bonds were sold
August 1st, and the bank was liq-
uidated that same day. In a foot-
note in his 1882 .Annual Report,
Co mp tr ol I e r I o h n J ay Kn ox s ta t-
ed that the bank 'Tiiled to com-
plete organization.”
In the meantime, a beauriful
S5 Series of 1875 plate was pre-
pared for the hank, and certified for use. It carried a batch date of J uly 30,
1881, which is close to when the plate was ordered. It also carried the then
current Bruce-Gilfillan treasury signatures.
4 die Clements came back 2 1 months later with a second bank bearing the
THE PAPER COLUMN
by Peter Huntoon
same title. Charles was again the president, but this time he chose an older
son, Percival W., as the cashier. They organized on April 21, 1883, and
receiv^ed Charter #2950 on May 14.
By year end they had a respectable circulation of $76,500. They were in
competition with four other banks in Rutland: The Rutland County- National
Bank (#82()), The National Bank (#1450), The Baxter National Bank (#1700),
and the veiy recently^ chartered Killirigton National Bank (#2905). All the oth-
ers were larger, with greater circulations. 4 he Clement bank stay^ed in business
through the rest of the note-issuing era, closing out 1934 with a drculation of
$ 100 , 000 .
! he rale of the two Clement National Banks is extraordinary'. It involves
the only example we have found of a Series of 1875 plate being made for a bank
that never issued. Failing to complete an organization once chartered was
highly- unusual, if not unprecedented.
Adtli ng to the story is the fact that when the second Clement bank was
organized, Coniptroller Knox had already taken it upon himself to phase out
the Series of 1875. Consequently', the second Clement bank received Series of
1882 notes, specifically 5-5-5-5 and 10-10-10-20 Brown Backs.
This situation would have been interesting regardless of what plates were
made, but having the two hanks bridge the changeover in series makes tliis case
parti CLi la rl y a ppea 1 i n g.
Paper Money * July/August * Whole No. 256
275
_ f/ifif'O.s’-rr/jr/, ^ -a«^^^****m**^^
;yUT. .y iiliiLUOSlUiC
f *1V iiu \\. ^x^ 4vvvl\ -*
I p/0*v^’
The Clements
The lollowiiig biogniphiail sketch of the C^leinents is copied verbiitim, but
Libridged, from a description of the Cleinent Fiunih l^ipers housed in the
\TrmQnt 1 1 is tori cal Socien^
The Clements were a proiiiineiir hrmily in business ajid politics
in Rutland, V-erniont* Charles Clement had an early interest in marble
qiiarries, operating Clenient ant) Sons with his two oldest sons, Wallace
and Percival. He was also part o^\ale^ of the Riirlantl Railrtjad and the
Clement Xational Bank.
Wallace continued his father's businesses after his death in 1893,
and Percival carried on the family interest in railroads, while publishing
the Rutland Heru/d. Me also became active in politics and was elected
governor in 1918.
Charles Clement was born in Ilaverhill, Massachusetts, .VI ay 1,
1807, He married Elizabeth Wood (1807-1904) in Sherburne, V’^erniont,
in 1 83 E Hiey had eight children: Wkillace Charles (1835-192 1 ); Fretleric
Percival (1838-1841); Anna Elizabeth (1840-1876); Melville Wood
(1842-1843); Herbeit Rogers Oiinuanq 1844-June 1844); Percival Wood
(1846-1927); Fayette Rogers ( 1 849-1850); M aklo Park (h, 1851), Charles
Clement died in New York Cit\% November 24, 1893.
The Clement National Bank received
Charier #2537 In 1B81, bul the
Clements failed to complete its organi-
zation. However^ this attractive plate
was made for the bank just days before
it was formally liquidated.
The Clements received $5, $10, and
$20 Series of 1 882 Brown Backs as
their first issues upon perfecting their
second bank, Charter #2950, in 1883.
The 21 -month hiatus between the two
organizations bridged the gap between
the Series of 1875 and 1882.
rtjjjj -‘t ' ''
^ tthf
N cl I ion cl 1 li clitic
-V SS,lilTLi!^fMS!J 3
^ ^ i tU ' t<KV Wvv Yl I I lu
Charles Clement and Elizabeth Mk>od, after their marriage in
1831, moved west to Evansville, Illinois, where Charles tried to set up a
business. .Some members of the Wood family also moved to Illinois
Avhere there are several deeds For land in 1 azewell C^ount), Illinois, [rear-
ing tlieir names, Charles and Elizabeth returned to the east coast in 1839.
Charles became involved in the Rutland marl>ie Inisiness in 1851,
£76-
July/August * Whole No. 256 - Paper Money
forming the firm of Clement and Son which eventiudly included two of
his sons, Wallace and Percy, Me also founded the Clement bank in 1883;
it mo heciiine a family concern, Charles also had an interest in the rail-
road business and became part owner oi the Rutland Railroad in 1882.
Source of Clement Biogi'aphic Information
Vermont Mistorical Societ}^ Library, Clement Family Papers 1798 1968,
Documents 187 194, accessible on the web at http://w\w,vermonthistory.org/
a re cat/ fi n cl a i d/cl em en tf . h tm [ . ]
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by a grant from the Currency Club of Long Island.
James Hughes, collections manager, National Numismatic Collection,
Museum of American Histoiy, Smitlisonian Institution, provided access to the
certified proofs from the National Bank Note plates. *>
True story! One of my friends related this story to me recently
By Bob Cochran
HE S2 BILL - EN'ER'i ONE SHOULD START C:AR-
mng them! 1 am STILL laughing!! T diink we need to
quit saving our S2 bills and bring them out in public. The
younger generation doesn't know they exist.
This is a true stoiy, just as told to me:
On my way home from work, 1 stopped at a fast food
emporium for a quick bite to eat, In my bilifoki were a bill
and a S2 bill. T figure that with a S2 bill, I can get something to
eat and not have to worry about anyone getting irritated ar me
for tiy ing to break a S50 bill.
Me: “Hi, I'd like one sevcn-lavTr burrito please, to go.”
Sender: “That'll be Si .04. Eat in?”
Me: “No, it’s to go.” At this point, 1 open my billfold vind
hand him the S2 bill. He looks at it kind of bin ny.
Serv'cn “Uh, hang on a sec, I’ll he right hack.” He goes to
talk to his manager, who is still within my earshoL The
following conversation occurs between the rwe^ of them:
Sen er: “Hey, you ever see a S2 Ihll?”
Manager: “No. A what?”
Sen en “AS2bill. Phis guy just
gave it to me.”
Manager: “Ask for something
else. There’s no such thing
as a $2 bill.”
Ser\ er: “Yeah, thought so.” He
comes back to me and says,
“We don’t cake these. Do
you have anj^hing else?”
Me: “Just this fify-. You don't
take S2 bills? \Vliy?”
S e n^er : “1 d o n ' t kn ow , ”
Me: “See here where it .says
legal tender?”
Server: “Yeah.”
Me : “So, why won ' t yo u ta ke it?'
Sender: “Well, hang on a sec.” He goes hack to his manager,
who has been watching me like I’m a shoplifter, and says
to him, “He says I have to take it.”
Manager: “Doesn't he have annhing else?”
Sener: “Yeah, a fifty. I'll get it and you can open the siife
and get change.”
Manager: “T'm not opening the safe with him in here.”
Seiver: “What should I do?”
Manager: “Tell him to come back later when he has real
monevc”
.Sciwen “I can’t tell him that! You tell him.”
Manager: “Just tell him.”
Seiwer: “No way! This is weird. I’m going in back,”
Tlie jnanager approaches me and says, “I'm sorry, but we
don't take big bills this time of night.”
Me: “It’s only seven o’clock! VV'ell then, here's a rwo tlollar
hill.”
Manager: “\\fo don't take those, either.”
Me: “WFynot?”
Manager: “1 think you know w'hy.”
Me: “No really, tell me why.”
Manager: “Please Iea%'e hefure 1 call mall security.”
Me: “What on earth for?”
Manager: “Please, sir.”
Me: “Uh, go ahead, call
them.”
Manager: “Mfould you
please just leave?”
Me: “No.”
Manager: “Fine — have
it your way then,”
Me: “Hey, that's Burger
King, isn’t it?”
At this point, he
backs away ft'om me and
calls mall security" on the
phone around the cor-
ner. 1 have nvo people staring at me from the dining area, and
I begin laughing out loud, just for effect. A few minutes later
this 45-year-oldish guy comes in.
Gua rd : “Ye a h , M i kc, wha : ' s u p ? ”
Manager (whispering): “This guy is trying to give me some
(pause) funny money.”
Guard: “No kidding! Wiiat?”
Manager: “Get this ... A two dollar bill.”
Paper Money " July/August - Whole No. 256
277
THIS NOTE IS LEGAL tender
FOR ALL DEBTS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
Giuird (incredulous): would a guv fake a two dollar
bill?”
Manager: don't know. He's kinda weird. He says the only
other thing he has is a
Guard: ''Oh, so the fi%'s fake!”
Manager: “No, the two dollar hill is."
Guard: “V\Tiy would he fake a two dollar bill?"
Manager: “1 don't know! Can you talk to him, and get him
out of here?”
Guard: “Yealu”
Securit)^ Guard walks over to me and ... “Mike here tells
me vou have some fake bills youVe ciying to use.”
.Me:' “Uh, nod’
Guard: “Lem me see ‘emd’
Me: “\Yliy?"
Guard: “Do you want me to get the cops in here?”
At this point I am ready to say, “Sure, please!” but I want
to eat, so 1 say “I'm just trying to buy a burrito and pay for it
wdth this two dollar bill.”
I put the bill up near his face, and he flinches like I'm tak-
ing a swung at him. l ie takes the bill, turns it over a few times
in bis hands, and says, “Hey, Mike, what's wrong with this
bill?”
Alanager: “It's fake.”
Guard: “It doesn't look fake to me.”
Manager: “But it's a two dollar bill."
Guard: “Yeah?”
Manager: “Well, there's no sucli thing, is there?"
The security guard and I both look at him like he's an
idiot, and it dawns on the guy that he has no clue. So, it turns
out that my burrito w^as free, and he threw in a small drink and
some of those cinnamon thingies, too.
Made me \vant to get a w^hole stack of tw o dollar bills just
to see w hat happens when I tty' to buy stuff. If I got the right
group of people, I could probably end u]^ in jail. You get free
food there, too.
Just think ... those two w ill be voting soon. *t*
El
I
I
I
1
1
1
1
1
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1507 Sanborn Ave, • Box 258
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Open: Tuesday-Sunday 11 to 5
Open from mid-May thru mrd-September
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278
July/August - Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Chronological Inventory of United States
Public Debt Issues, 1775 - 1898
as listed on EH. Net, the Economic Elistory Services web site
illustrated by examples fi'om Gene Messier’s H;/ Illustrated History of US. Loam
W ELCOME TO A LISTING t)F PUBLIC DEBT
issues by the Unitetl Slices Trcdsiiiy anti its predeces-
sors iroin 1775 to 1898. This is a portion ot the listing of U.S.
Treasury debt issues through 1976 compiled by Dr. ITanklin
Noll ol the BEP's 1 listorieal Resource Center. The datahase
is hosted by Econtmiic 1 listoiy Sen ices at ]ittp://eh.iiet/data-
bases/uspLiblicdebL Issues are listed by accounting yc^r (cab
eiidar year until 1843 and fiscal year tbereafter).
For each year, issues arc groupetl by type of instrument.
This was determined according to the financial terms of lire
instrument (primarily length of nianirit)-) and, when av'ailahle,
the Treasury’s official designation of the security. Within
each grouping, ins mini cuts arc listed in alphaheticaJ order.
Any dates appearing in st|uare parenrheses, especially in the
case of Treasury bills, represent exact issue dates.
This listing contains only piililic debt issues. It does not
include 'Freasur}' issues for other types of debt (rail-
road debt, insular debt, District ot Cohnnbia debt, or
contingent debt) nor warrants or other drafts used
by the Treasury for payanent or accounting purposes.
The entire database contains roughly 13,000
individual issues. Certain instruments may be issued
repeatedly over a number of \ ears. In these cases,
each instance of issue is considered a separate instru-
ment. The compiler does not claim m have rccordetl
every single instrument ever issued because the
Treasury records are full of gaps and omissions. So,
Dr. Noll considers this a work in progre.ss. He wel-
comes any comments, ccyrrections, or additions.
The majority of the inventory wa,s created as
part ol a larger project. Dr. XolTs unpublished 10-
volume work, .4 Gi/hlc to Govenm/ent OhUgiftionSy
1861-1976. This is a detailed coinpendiiim of the
securities issued by the Treasury between 1861 and 1976, and
includes the financial tcims and purpose of each security as
well as a glossary of little-known Trcasuiy tenn.s. These snub
res were created Ibr the use of the [ listorieal Resource Center
of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Wbsliington, DC,
*Whe pi e- 1861 part of the inventory was filled in later, using a
number of different sources, [n all, the sources used in the
creation of the complete inventory were rather numerous and
sometimes obscure. [ present onh‘ the major ones here,” Dr.
Noll said:
rliJiimi/ Ri^pon of the SeLTvt/fjy of the Iretnitfy on the Shfte fifdu'
Fiiitim'es. Wbshington, DC: Cjovemment Printing Office,
1860-1976.
Bay ley , Rafael A. The N/jtwn/iI Loam' of the United States from
July 4. 1776, tojime 56, 1880, 2nd etk, facsimile repi inrfyf
\Sm ed. New York: Burt Franklin, 1970.
De l^Tiight, William F. Hlstoiy of the CnmmLj of the Conntiy
ami o f the Loan.^ o f the United Stares from the Ear/iest Perhd
to Jane 3 0, / 9 0 0. Wa s h i n g t u n , DC: G o v e i n ment
Printing Office, 1900,
Friedberg, Arthur L. and Friedberg, Ira S. Paper Money id
the United States. 16th ed. Clifton, Nj: Fhe Coin &
Currency Institute, 2001.
Messier, Gene. Att 1 /last rated nistoiy of U.S. l.oans. Port
Clinton, Oil: BNR Press, 1 988.
Love, Robert A. Federal FinaaLiag: A Srady of the Method.<
Employed hy the 'freasnry in /f.f Bornneiag Operations,
reprint of 19.vl ed. New York: .AAIS Press, 1968,
‘Wlonthiy Statement of the Public Debt.” URL:
http:// WWW' , p u b I i cd e h t, ti eas . gov / < )p d/ o pd . h ti n .
Former Paper Money Editor CTcne Messier, author of.47/
lllastrated Histmy of U.S. Loans (BNR Press, 1988) gratiously
loaned most of the representative illustrations accompanying
this listing. Several adtiitional illustrations were supplietl by
and Merirage Auctions.
Dr. Noll's work was produced at the I listorieal Resource
Center, Bureau of Engraving anti Printing, Washington, DC
Jrm *
riWiifjfjirap/f - ,«-3rwr, on?»
iiie D:iy of* .r _ ■ ^ s
mSfira 3nma]\y, af (Bp SJafc n/ Sk />cr Ccitt. per Mmmi
(0 4 Kp/sfsdm d/ iScVaita Slalrf, patta\ tht 7at«iy.Saon^ Smo/ /y- cS
t/mny, ijjy, Witntfs my Hand thh 'f , Dny oK-. . .
g t .
Feb. 22, 1777 Confinenlal Loan Office Certificate
wdiilc the author wois under eontract to Bytlier Managing
Cloliecdnns, LLC. The views, conclusions, and opinions stat-
etl therein are those of the author and not necessarily those of
the 1 listorieal Resource Center or the Bureau of Engraving
and Printing. The author also bears all responsibility^ for the
accuracy of all dates, n urn hers, calculations, citations, names,
and other salient facts. Dr. Noll stressed.
The mission of the Efistorical Resource Center is to col-
lect, docunient, and preserve the history of the Bureau of
Engraving and Printing and its products. 4"he MRC serves as
a resource for research and dissemination of infcirmation coh’
cerning Bureau of Engraving and Printing history and prod-
ucts. Paper Money is tielightcd to share the fruits of this labor.
Calendar Year January 1, 1775 - December 31, 1775
Certificates:
I^oan Office Certificates of June 3,
Currency:
C "o n ti nen t a I C u rre n c
/ jS
Paper Money - July/August * Whole No. 256
279
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$21.00
$93.00
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2B0
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Calendar Year January 1, 1776 - December 31, 1776
Certificates:
l^oan Office Certificiites of October 3, 1776
Loan Office Certificates of Xoveniber 18* 1776
I.oan Office Certificates of December 12, 1776
Currency;
Coiitiiicn tal Cu rrency
Quartermaster Generafs (Certificate
Cm rcncy:
Continental Currenev
Bonds:
French Loan of 18*000*000 Livres
Calendar Year January 1, 1780- December 31, 1780
Calendar Year January 1, 1777 - December 31, 1777
Certificates:
Loan Office Certificates of Januaiy !4* 1777
Loan Office Certificates of February 22* 1777
;rGHT DOLL4RS,
Currenc)’:
Continental Currency
Bonds:
Loan from Farmers-Ceneral of France
Bills;
Loan Office Bills of Fxchange
Certificates;
Loan Office Certificates of .April 27, 1780
l .oan Office Certificates of September .3, 1780
Quartermaster Generars Certificate
Bonds;
French Loan of 18*000,000 Lh i es
Calendar Year January 1, 1781 - December 31, 1781
Bills;
Loan Office Bills of Exchange
Certificates:
Loan Office Certificates of January 2, 1781
Loan Office Certificates of July 23* 1781
Quartermaster Generars Certificate
Special Loan Office Certificates
Bonds:
French Loan of 1 0*000,000 Livres
French Loan of 1 8*000,000 Li^Tes
Spanish Loan of 1781
Calendar Year January 1, 1782 -December 31, 1782
Calendar Year January 1, 1778 - December 31, 1778
Certificates:
LoanOlTice Certificates of Jan tuny 17, 1778
Cun'ency:
Continental Currency
Bills:
Loan Office Bills of Exchange
Certificates:
Register’s Certificate ® 6%
Quartermaster GeneraFs Certificate
State Commissioner’s Final Settlement Certificates
Bonds:
French Loan of 18,000*000 Livres
CuiTency:
Office of Finance note
Calendar Year January 1, 1779 - December 31, 1779
Bills:
Loan Office Bills of Exchange
Certificates:
Loan Office Certificates of Jantiar)- 2, 1770
Loan Office Certificates of Februaiy 3* 1779
Loan Office Certificates ofjune 29, 1779
Loan Office Certificates of October 30* 1 779
Bonds;
French Loan of 10,000*000 Livres
French Loan of 18,000*000 Livres
1 loll and Loan of 1 782
Spanish I .oan of 1781
Calendar Year January 1, 1783- December 31, 1783
Bills;
Office of Finance Bills of Exchange
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
281
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July/August - Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Ccftifi cates:
Army Final Settlemeni Certill cates
C 1 oth i e r D e pa rtm e ii t Fi n a I Scrcl c m e n c e rti fi ca res
Commissan- Deparnnent Final Settleincnt Certificates
Hospital Department Final Settlement Certificates
Alarine Department Final Settlement Ckn tifieates
Register’s Certificate @ 6%
Quartermaster’s Final Settlement Certilicates
Currency:
Office qI^ Finance note
Bonds;
Fi encli Loan of 6,000,000 Livres
Holland Loan of 17B2
Calendar Year January 1, 1784 - December 31, 1784
Certificates:
.\nny Final Settlement Certificates
Certificate of Interest
C^Iothier Deparmient Final Settlement Certificates
Commissary Department Final Settlement Certificates
Hospital Departnient Final Settlement Ceidficates
Marine Department Final Settlement Certificates
Register’s Certificate @ 6%
Quartermaster’s Final Settlement Certilicates
Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1783
Holland Loan of 1784
Calendar Year January 1, 1785- December 31, 1785
Certificates:
Certificate of Interest
Register’s Certificate @ 6%
Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1 782
Calendar Year January 1, 1786 - December 31, 1786
Certificates:
Certificate of Interest
Loan Office Final Settlement Specie Certificate
Register's Certificate @ 6%
Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1782
Calendar Year January 1, 1787 - December 31, 1787
Certificates:
Certificate of Interest
Register’s Certificate @ 6%
Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1787
Calendar Year January 1, 1788 - December 31, 1788
Cciiificates:
Register’s Certificate @6%
Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1 787
Calendar Year January 1, 1789 - December 31, 1789
Cei’tificates:
Register’s Certificate @ 6%
Treasury" Bonds:
Holland Loan of I 788
I'emporaiy- Loan of 1 789
Calendar Year January 1, 1790 - December 31, 1790
Ceiiificates:
Register’s Certificate © 6%
Treasury^ Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1790
Temporary Loan of 1789
'I'einporaiy Loan of 1790
Calendar Year January 1, 1791 - December 31, 1791
Certificates:
Register’s Certificate @6%
United States Loan Certificate
Treasury^ Bonds:
Holland Loan of 1790
H I >1 1 an d L o a n o f Ma rch 1791
HDlland Loan of September 1791
Antwerp Loan of 1791
Holland Loan of December 1791
Calendar Year January 1, 1792- December 31, 1792
Certificates:
Register’s Certificate ® 6%
United States Loan Certificate
Treasuiy Bonds:
Antwerp Loan of 1791
Holland Loan of December 1791
I lollaiicl Loan of I 792
Subscription Loan of 1791
Temporary" Loan from Bank of North /\jiierica
Temporaiy' Loan of 1792
Calendar Year January 1, 1793- December 31, 1793
Certificates:
United States Loan Certificate
Paper Money • July/AugList * Whole No. 256
233
Treasuiy Bonds;
Holland Loan of J 792
Holland Loan of 1793
TL'iiiporaiy Loan of 1793
Calendar Year January 1, 1794 - December 31, 1794
Certificates;
LTniced States Loan Certificate
Certificates:
United States Loan Certificate
Treasury' Bonds:
Na\T 6% Stoct
8% Loans of 1 798 and 1 800
Calendar Year January 1, 1801 - December 31, 1801
Treasury' Bonds;
Holland Loan of 1794
Temporaty' Loan of 1 793
Teinporaiy' Loan from Bank of New York
T eni po raiy ' Lm n o f M arch 1 7 94
Temporaty- Loan of December 1 794
Calendar Year January 1 , 1795 -December 31, 1795
Certificates:
United Stares Loan Certificate
Treasury Bonds:
remporar}' Loan of December 1 794
Temporary- Loan of Feliruary 1 795
Temporar)' Loan of March 1795, Series A
Temporaiy^ Loan of March 1 795, Series B
Temporaiy' Loan of March 1 795, Series C
5*5% Stock of 1 795
4*5% Stock of 1795
Treasury' Bonds:
Navy 6% Sttjck
Calendar Year January 1, 1802 - December 31, 1802
1^0 issues—
Calendar Year January 1, 1803 - December 31, 1803
no issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1804- December 31, 1804
Treasuiy Bonds:
Louisiana 6% Stock
Calendar Year January 1, 1805 -December 31, 1805
— iiQ issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1796 -December 31, 1796 Calendar Year January 1,1806 -December 31, 1806
Certificates:
United States Loan Certificate **—^**110 issues
Treasury^ Bonds:
Teniporan' Loan from Bank of New York
Calendar Year January 1, 1797 - December 31, 1797
Certificates:
United States Loan Certificate
Treasury Bonds;
6% Loan of 1796
Calendar Year January 1, 1798 - December 31, 1798
Treasury Bonds:
Temporaiy^ Loan of 1798
Navy 6% Stock
Calendar Year January 1, 1799 - December 31, 1799
Treasury' Bonds:
Navy 6% Stock
8% Loans of 1798 and 1800
Calendar Year January 1, 1800- December 31, 1800
-An Illustrated History of-
Classic work catalogs variety
of early U.S. debt obligations
Former Paper Money Editor Gene Kessler's 37S-page
standard reference catalogs a variety of U*S. stocks,
bonds, and other debt obligations from the
Continental period to the Spanish American War.
Information on availability of this work can be
obtained from its author at genehessler@aol.com or
by writing Gene Kessler, P,0. Box 31144,
Cincinnati, OH 45231.
284
July/August • Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Calendar Year January 1, 1807- December 31, 1807
Treasur)^ Eondsi
Exchanged 6% Stock of 1 807
Converted 6% Stock of 1807
Calendar Year January 1, 1808 - December 31, 1808
Treiisurj' Bonds:
E.vchanged 6% Stock of 1 807
(converted 6% Stock of 1807
Calendar Year January 1, 1809 - December 31, 1809
issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1810 - December 31, 1810
Treasury Bunds:
6% Loan of 1810
Calendar Year January 1, 1811 - December 31, 1811
no issues
Calendar Year January 1 , 1812 -December 31, 1812
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan of 1812
Temporary' Loan of 1 8 1 2
Exchanged Stock of 1 8 1 2
Treasury Notes:
T reasury Notes of 1 8 1 2
Calendar Year January 1, 1813- December 31, 1813
Treasur)^ Bonds:
Loan of 1812
Exchanged Stock of 1812
S7.5 Million Loan of 1813
Si 6 Million Loan of 1813
Treasuiy' Bonds:
Treasury Notes of 1812
Trcasur)' Notes of 1813
Calendar Year January 1, 1814- December 31, 1814
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan of 1 8 1 2
S7.5 .Million Loan of 1813
SlO Million Loan of 1814
S6 Million Loan of 1814
Un designated Loan of 1814
4diiporaiy Ltian of 1814
T reas u ry Note s :
T reasuiy Notes of 1 8 13
Treasury Notes of March 1814
Calendar Year January 1, 1815 - December 31, 1815
Treasury^ Bonds:
Loan of 18 1 2
%6 Million Loan of 1814
Undesignated Loan of 1 814
T einporary Loan of 1 8 1 4
Mississippi Stock
Direct Ta.\ Loan of 181 5
Temporary^ l^oan of Februarj' 1815
Loan of 181 5 @ 7%
Loan {jf 1 8 1 5 @6%
'Idmporar)' Loan of March 1815
Treasury Notes:
Treasiny Notes of March 1814
Treasuiy Notes of December 1814
Treasuiy Notes of 1 8 1 5
Small Treasiirt- Notes of 1815
T reasury’ Note Stock of 1815
Paper Money • July/August - Whole No* 256
Z85
Calendar Year January 1, 1816 -December 31, 1816
Treasury Bonds:
Undesignated Loan of 1814
Teniponiry^ Loan of 1814
Mississippi Stock
Temporar}^ Loan of Fchruar)- 1815
Loan of 1815 @ 7%
Loan of 1815 @6%
Teinporar)' Loan of March 1815
Treasury Notes:
Treasurt^ Notes of 1815
Small Treasiirv' Notes of 1 8 1 S
Treasur}" Note Stock of 1 8 1 5
Calendar Year January 1, 1817 -December 31, 1817
Treasur\'^ Bonds:
Mississippi Stock
Loan of 1815 @7%
Loan of 1816
Treasury^ Notes:
T reasurv" Note Stock of 1 8 1 5
Calendar Year January 1, 1818 - December 31, 1818
Treasuiy^ Bonds:
Mississippi Stock
Loan of 1815 @ 7 %
Treasuiy^ Notes:
T reasury Note Stock of 1 8 1 5
Calendar Year January 1, 1819 - December 31, 1819
Treason' Bonds:
Mississippi Stock
Loan of 1815 ® 1 %
Treasury' Notes:
dVeasuF}' Note Stock of 1815
Calendar Year January 1, 1820 - December 31, 1820
Treasuty' Bonds:
Mississippi Stock
Loanofl815® 7%
Loan of 1820 ® 5%
Loan of 1820 @ 6%
Treasury' Notes:
Treasury' Note Stock of 1815
Calendar Year January 1, 1821 - December 31, 1821
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan of 1815 @7%
Loan of 1821
Treasury Notes:
1 Veasuiy' Note Stock of 1815
Calendar Year January 1, 1822 - December 31, 1822
Treasury^ Bonds:
Loan of 1815 7%
Treasury' Notes:
Treasury' Note Stock of 1815
Calendar Year January 1, 1823 - December 31, 1823
Tr e a s u ry ' Notes :
Loan of 1 81 5 @7%
Treasury Notes:
Treasury^ Note Stock of 1815
Calendar Year January 1 , 1824 - December 31 , 1 824
Treasurj" Bonds:
Loan of 18) 5 @7%
Loan of May 1824
Exchanged Stock of 1824
Treasury' Notes:
Treasury' Note Stock of 181 5
Calendar Year January 1, 1825 - December 31, 1825
Treasuiy Bonds:
Loan of 181 5 @7%
Exchanged Stock of 1824
Loan of May 26, 1824
Treasury^ Notes:
Treasury Note Stock of 1815
Calendar Year January 1, 1826 - December 31, 1826
Treasury^ Bonds:
Exchanged Stock of 1825
Calendar Year January 1, 1827 - December 31, 1827
no issues— -
Calendar Year January 1, 1828 - December 31, 1828
issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1829 - December 31, 1829
— no issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1830 - December 31, 1830
—no issues-
2S6
July/August • Whofe No. 256 ■ Paper Money
Calendar Year January 1, 1831 - December 31, 1831
ni) issues-
Calendar Year January 1, 1832 - December 31, 1832
no issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1833 - December 31, 1833
no \ssuQS
Calendar Year January 1, 1834- December 31, 1834
no issut’s
Calendar Year January 1, 1835 - December 31, 1835
no issues
Calendar Year January 1, 1836 - December 31, 1836
no —
Calendar Year January 1, 1837 - December 31, 1837
Treasury^ Notes:
Trciisury' Notes of 1837
Calendar Year January 1 , 1838 - December 31, 1 838
Treasury Notes:
Treason^ Notes of 1837
Treasury Notes of 1838
Calendar Year January 1, 1839 - December 31, 1839
Treasury- Notes:
Treasuiy Notes of 1 R 39
Calendar Year January 1, 1840 - December 31, 1840
Treasury' Notesi
'rreasury- Notes of 1 840
Calendar Year January 1, 1841 - December 31, 1841
T rcasury Bonds;
Loan of 1841
Treasury' Notes:
Treasury Notes of 1 840
Treasury Notes of 1841
Calendar Year January 1, 1842 - December 31, 1842
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan of 1841
Loan of 1842
Treasury^ Notes:
Treasury^ Notes of 1841
Treasury^ Notes of Januaiy 1842
Treasury Notes of August 1842
Transition Year January 1, 1843 - June 30, 1843
Treasury^ Bonds:
Loan of 1 842
Loan of 1 843
Trcasujy Notes:
Treasury^ Notes ofjanuaiy 1842
Trcasiny Notes of August 1 842
Fiscal Year July 1, 1843 - June 30, 1844
Treasury Bonds;
Loan of 1 843
T reasury^ Notes:
Treasuiy Notes of 1843
Fiscal Year July 1, 1844 - June 30, 1 845
no issues-
Fiscal Year July 1, 1845 - June 30, 1846
no issues-
Paper Money * July/August * Whole No. 256
287
On This Date in Paper Money History -- July 2008
By Fred Reed ®
iuly f
} B34, Ui'i Woodbury ortice as TreasuA' Secret ry. 1 [i63^ F3^B d PhiLidelphta
becomes second naibnaf bank !o open for business; 1907, Congress curtails inieresf
on Ui. SIO Tiekinding Certilicaies, capping value at S21 .10;
}ufy2
177b. flozen Colonies delegates vote lor Indei^eridence <NV al^lainsi selling slage for
Declaraiion PresentalEon commemorated by Trumbull's depiclion on Bicentennial S2
duece: 1951. punched cards replace |)a|Der Postal Noles;
Iuly 3
1793, Thomas JerTerson's personal check on the Bank oi Uniloct States lo blackmailer
lames Revnolds for S99.53 buys details on Alexander Ham il Ion's peccadilloes with
Rex nolds’ wife Maria; 1819. Bank for Savings opens in New York Cilv;
Inly 4
1821. John Lash of NYC indicted for possessing forged bnk notes: 1928, Sullivan, ll
issues handbills on backs of replica 1864 CSA notes lor its palriotic celehration;
}uty 5
1 801, naval hero David Farragut (FR 377-3781 born; 1926, banknote engraver
Kenneih Guylxjm; 1927, Rochester, NY Numismatic Assn. ado|)ls rules of conduct
dratled by collector-evangelist Billy Sunday;
Iuly 6
1785, Coniinentai Congress establishes rfollar as unit of account: 2004. “Confederale
Currencv: the Color of Money" exhibil opens in Durham, NC museum:
Idy7
1862, ^Vew York World noles circulation oi shinplasiers in the city : 1863, Cambridge,
MA inventor Levi L. Tower patents currency and stamp box: 1 876, Treasury' Secretary
Lul M. Morriiks term logins:
Iuly 8
1765, Georgia Colonials (FR GA44) bears this date: 1875, George W. Casilear files for
patent for improved saiely-paper to foil altering of printed stamps or notes:
July 9
1828, Gilbert Sluarl, whose Athenaeum porirail of George Washington was engraved
for U.S. currency, dies; 1969, firsi delivery of Series 1 969 S50 FRKs;
Iuly 10
1 B7D, National Banks chartered after this date limited to issue no more lhan $500,000
in National Currency; 1929, first current sized U.S. currency. Series 1928 Tale-Mellon
S2 US Notes, placed into circulation;
Iuly n
1 862^ Congress appropriates $300,000 for detection and bringing to trial currency and
coin counterfeiters: 1914. 'First" CSA currency collector Robert Alonzo Brock dies;
July 12
1862, American Bank Note Co. wins medal at Iniernaiional Exhibition in London,
England for excellence in design^ printing currcncv notes; 1908, banknote designer
Henrv Herrick dies;
July 13
1928, noted paper money researcher/author Gene Messier horn; 1967, S(?crct Service
anci Treasury Dept, [lermit "Celebrity Cash" t superimposition of picture over engraved
portrait on U.$. currencv'l as a novelty, according to the trade;
fuly U
T869, Fourth Issue of Fracrional Currency commences, according lo U.S, Treasurer
Historically since 1933,
the largest purchaser
of rare American paper
currency , , , CALL
aSS^SKAGINS
las. Gi in flan; 1934, The book Imco/n Legal Tender Money by Ben Spear copyrighted;
July 15
1929, first small-sized Series 1929 National Currency issued: 1942, BEP sends second
shipment of S5 HAWAII emergency noles (o Treasury Department;
July 16
1824, political cconomisi and U.S. Commissioner of Rev^enue Tench Coxe dies: 1992
Currenc/es and Crises by Paul R. Krugmnn copyrighted;
/ui y 7 7
1861, Congress authorizes Demand Notes iFR M 5); 1930, Congress initFates inve.sii-
gation of employee utilization in Executive Departments and agencies such as BEP:
Iuly 18
1892, traveler's check namessake Thomas Cook dies in Leicestershire, England: 1894
first BEP-produced U.S. postage stamps honoring lames A. Garfield placed on sale:
Iuly 19
1788, Paris Slock market plunges; 1905. ABNCo hires outside accounting firm to
supeA'ise the lx 3 oks; 1973, Check Collectors Round Table founded;
fuly 20
1873, Treasury' Secreiary determines henceiorlh term "United Slates Notes ' will
replace ' Legal Tender Notes;" 1952, ANA Presideni T. lames Clarke dies;
iuly 21
1861, Confederate currency subject Thomas lackson earns nickname ’'Stanevvall’ at
Bull Run; 1873, |esse james commits world's first train robbery at Adair, I A;
Iuly 22
1846, Congress authorizes one-year interest-bearing notes lo finance the Mexican
War. 1935, expiration dale of Ixjncis backing circulalion of NaEionat Bank Notes;
Iuly 23
1844, paper money and U.S. Mini Chief Cngraver Christian Cobrecht dies; 1946, end
of Vtnsondulian combined tenure as Treasury Secretary' and Treasurer;
July 24
1866, Comptroller (tI Currency Freeman Clarke leaves office; 1955, Bank Note
Reporter Execuiive Editor David Harper (xjrn;
/4 25
1861, ABNCo coniracts with Treasury Depl, to prim treasury notes; 2005, United
Kingdom Treasury depart meni proposes new rules for Scottish and Irish Bank Notes;
July 26
1 858, Minnesota legislature passes banking law authorizing l>anks of issue; 1918, size
of note sheets printed at BEP increases from four subjecis to eighi subjects;
July 27
1923, Koenigsiein on the Elbe. Germany issues notgeld 100.000-one billion marks;
1984. American Bankers Assm copyrights "Small Bank DireclorsKip":
fuly 28
1950, paper money dealer Lyn F. Knighi lx)m: 1984. BEP souvenir card for ANA show
reproduces Series 1 882 Abe Lincoln S500 Gold Certificate face;
July 29
1894, New York Hmes reports from Treasury insiders that portrait of Cofumhia on new
SlOfH) Silver Certificate "was taken from a photograph of |osie Mansfield": 1980,
Pancho Villa's paymaster & currencv printer. Mexican numismaiist Dr. Alberto
Francisco Pradeau dies:
fuly 30
1739, subscribers to the Massachusetls Land Bank Scheme form a Com|>any, choose
lohn Colman as Treasurer and brewer Samuel Adams and others as directors; 1956,
Congress and Presideni establish "In God We Trust" as our national mol to;
fufy 31
1 868, first use of the nan^e Bureau of Engraving and Priming; 1942. japanese militaA
decrees "enemy lianks"* in Manila be liquidatiKi;
288
July/August * Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Fiscal Year July 1, 1846 - June 30, 1 847
Xreasory Bonds:
Loan of 1 846
Mexican Indemnity Slock
Loan of 1 847
Bounty Land Script
T reasuiy Notes;
T reasuty Notes of 1 846
Treasiir}' Notes of 1847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1847 - June 30, 1848
TreasiiiT Notes;
Tie a SUIT Notes of 1847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1849 - June 30, 1850
Trcasurj^ Bonds;
Loan of 1847
Loan of 1 84 B
Fiscal Year July 1, 1850 - June 30, 1851
IVeasury Bonds:
Loan of 1 847
'rexan Indemnity Stock
Fiscal Year July 1, 1851 - June 30, 1852
Treasury' Bonds;
Loan of 1847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1 852 - June 30, 1 853
Treasuiy Bonds:
Loan of 1 847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1853 - June 30, 1854
Treasuty Bonds;
Loan of 1847
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan of 1 846
A 1 e xi ca n I ndcmii i ty S toe k
Loan of 1 847
Bounty Land Script
Fiscal Year July 1, 1854- June 30, 1855
Treasuty Bonds:
Loan of 1 847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1855 - June 30, 1856
I'rea Silty Bonds;
Loan of 1 847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1856 - June 30, 1857
Treasuiy Bonds:
1 .oan of ! 847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1857- June 30, 1858
Treasuty Notes:
Treasury Notes of 1846
Treasur)^ Notes of 1847
Fiscal Year July 1, 1848- June 30, 1849
Treasur)" Bonds:
Loan of 1 847
Loan of 1 848
Bounty Land Script
Treasuiy Bonds:
Loan of 1847
Treasury' Notes;
Treasury' Notes of 1 857
FiscalYear July 1, 1858 -June 30, 1859
Treasuiy Bonds;
Loan of 1 847
Loan of 1 858
Paper Money ■ July/August • Whole No, 256
239
On This Date in Paper Money History — August 2008
By Fred Reed ®
Aug. r
1862, $ 1 ^nd S2 Legal Tender Notes bear this printed date: 1 866. egregious 1 0%
Federal tax on state-chartered banknotes takes eftect;
Aug. 2
1813, Congress taxes bank note circulation t-2 percent: 19T1, Thoniias Edison releases
his film Mone^' to
-Aug. J
1873, Fr-n79 Dexter SO-cent notes first issued: 1914. ComptrolJer of Currency
approves first application for note issue under Aldrich-Vreeland Act of May 20, 1908;
Aug. 4
1386, Congress authorizes additional Silver Certificates, including small denomination
notes: 1954. Cleveland Federal Reseo-'e Bank President Aandra Pianalto l>orn:
Aug.S
1861, CSA District Attorney at Charleston, SC warns against "trading ^vith the enemy ";
193C German banks reopen following seven^day bank holiday;
.Aug. 6
1 846, Second Independent Treasury^ Act provides for assistant treasurers at NYC.
Boston, Charleston & St. Louis: 1956, banknote engraver Elie Timothee Loizeaux dies;
Aug. 7
1928, Treasury unveils new small size currency: 1969, second D,C. Wismer-Hlizabeth
Qsmun Collection sale of obsolete paper money;
Aug, B
1865, LLS, Treasury denies reports that courtterfeil national bank notes are in circufa*
tion, afso discredits reports that Si legal tenders have tieen counledeiled; !929, wood-
en fiat commemorates Salem, OR American Legion Convention;
Aug. 9
1861, Treasury Secretary Chase writes President Lincoln that he is "obliged to go to
New York today to arrange for loan; 197B, A Collector's Guide to Paper Money by
Yasha Beresiner copyrighted;
Aug. 10
1871, f^VT publishes "'Spurious Money: A List of the Most Dangerous Counterfeits now
in Circulation''; 1914, Charles S. Hamlin begins tenure as first Fed Board Chairman ;
Aug. Tl
1794, paper money/Mini Chief Engraver lames B. Longacre born; 1967, SPMC pre-
sents first Awards of Merit to Harley Freeman, Barliara Mueller and Nathan Goldstein;
Aug. 12
1823, City Council of St. Augustine, FL authorizes municipal scrip signed by mayor
and treasurer; 1969, first BEPAssued numismatic souvenir card released during ANA
Philadelphia conventior);
Aug. IJ
1841, Independent Treasury Act is repealed leaving federal government without a
banking system for next five yea5; 1985, Crane & Co. receives patent 4534398 for
counterfeit deterrent optically active security paper;
Au^. 14
1901, Ernest Ashton Smith publishes his monumental H/siory of lire Confederate
Treasury: 1989, Treasury^ Secretary Robert B. Anderson dies;
Aug. TJ
1876, Act abolishes position of assistant treasurer at Charleston, SC; 1942, only
HAWAII overprinted notes valid in the Islands without special license:
Historically since 1933,
the largest purchaser ot
rare Ainertoark paper
currency . . . CALL
aSB-SKAGINS
Aug. JB
1 787, Constitution Convention strikes language authorizing Congress to emit bills of
cre<lit; 1979. 5 PMC's hdiana Obsoieie Notes and Scrip hv Wendell Wolka, jack
Vnrhies and Don Schramm copyrighted;
Aug. 17
1869, U.S. Treasurer F.E. Spinner receives a 'half counierfeit" SI 0 greenback comp-
tsed of 'equal jwrtlons of genuine and counerfeit notes, w^hich had been cut and past-
ed together"; 1998, Russia devalues the ruble;
Aug. 18
1862, CSA President jelferson Davis decries northerners supplying federal troops with
counierteil CSA currency; 1972. SPMC President Roy Pennell unveils new Society
logo, curtchKy peeled from printing plate by Forrest Daniel and Brent Hughes:
Aug. t9
1861, CSA authorizes Treasury' Notes payable six months alter peace treaty with U.S.:
1980, SPMC celebrates 2Qth anniversary at ANA led by President Wendell Wolka:
Aug. 20
1927, Irish Currency Act authorizes gold coins & legal tender issue of currency notes:
19811 Fred Sc h wan speaks at SPMC awards breakfast at ANA Cincinnati convention;
Aug. 21
1894, BEP Chief Claude M. johnson writes artist George W. Maynard he will consider
any designs he may submit for the Educational Notes series; 1970. SPMC awards hon-
omry life meml>ership5 to BEP Director James Con Ion and Barbara Mueller;
Aug. 22
1903, BEP ships first small size currency t Philippine peso notes i to San Francisco;
1925, Treasury serial numbers discontinued on National Currency; 1968, SPMC pre-
sents Awards of Merit to authors William P, Donlon, Neil Shafer and Tedd Kemm:
Aug. 23
1914, ANA President appoints committee to define "numismatic"; 1975, Eric
Newman's "As Phony as a Three Dollar Bill"" receives Heath Literary bronze medal:
Aug. 24
1983, Charles Henry Smith, a.k.a. "'Bill Arp," Georgia cracker humorist and ofttimes
paper money' critic, dies: 1973, SPMC raises dues to SS/year;
Aug. 25
1918, Rod Le Rocque's silent film mystery' Money Mad released to public; 1965. BEP
Director Henr^ Holtzclaw announces a new visitors gallery at the bureau;
Aug. 26
1921, Tliomas Elder sells Lewis C. Gehring paper money collection; 1976. BNR
Publisher Austin Sbeheen offers SPMC one page in each issue as a membership tool;
Aug. 27
1942, National Bank Note researcher/author Peter Hun toon born; 1965. SPMC confers
first "Outstanding Service Awards" on Tom Bain. Elizabeth Smart, and George Wail;
Aug. 28
1846, BEP engraver Robert Ponickau born; 1925, Banco de Mexico founded; 1957.
pioneer paper money collector Rol>erl F. Schermerhorr^ dies;
Aug. 29
1861, CSA Act requires postmasters to take Confederate currency in payment: 1862,
N>T re|>orts on the appearance of the "new postage stamp notes":
Aug. 30
1801, Colonial paper money enthusiast loshua L Cohen born; 1862 New York
Tribune Editor Horace Greeley praises encased stamps as substitute tor silver coins;
Aug. 31
1861, to avert small currency crisis in South. Georgia and South Carolina banks offer
loan of their small bills to CSA Treasury': 1964, Federal Food Stamp Act provides for
commodity redistribution to poor: 1971 , U.S, Treasurer reports 144,696 SI United
States Notes outstanding; ^
290
July/August • Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Xrcasury Notes:
IVeasLin^ Notes of 1 857
Fiscal Year JulyI, 1859 -June 30, 1860
Treasury' Bonds;
Five~ r\veiuies of 1862
I^oan of Fehruim^ 1B61
Loan of July anti August 1861
Oi'Cgon W'ar Debt
Trensun' Bonds;
Loan of 1847
Loan of 1 858
Treasury Notes:
Treason^ Notes of 1 H57
Fiscal Year July 1, 1860 -June 30, 1861
Treasury Bonds;
Loan of 1 860
Loan of February 1861
T rea s u n' Notes;
Treasuf}- Notes of 1 860
Treason^ Notes of 1861
Fiscal Year July 1, 1861 - June 30, 1862
Certificates of Deposit:
l’eniporar\" Loan of 1 862
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Certificates of Indebtedness of 1 H62
Currency:
Linited States Notes
Old Demand Notes
Treasury' Notes;
Sc veil “Thirties of 1861
Treasuiy Notes of 1 86 1
Fiscal Year July 1, 1862 - June 30, 1863
Certificates of Deposit;
4'emporary Loan of 1862
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Certificates of Indebtedness of 1862
Currency:
Fra c ti on a I Cii rren cy
U n i ted S ca tes No ces
JKimSLU
Treasuiy Bonds:
Five-Twenties of 1862
Loan of f Illy and August 1861
Oregon \A’ar Debt
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No, 256
Treasury' Notes^
ScV'Cn -Thirties of 1861
Treasurt' Notes of 1 86 1
FiscalYear July 1, 1863 -June 30, 1864
Certificates of Depositr
I emporaiy Loan of 1862
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Certificates of Indebtedness of I B62
CuiTency:
Fractional Currency
Lhiited States Notes
Trcasuiy Bonds:
Five -Twenties of 1862
Loan of July and August 1861
Loan on863
"Fen-Forties of 1864
Treasun' Notes:
Co 111 poll 11 d 1 II tercst N o te
One- Year Notes of 1863
Two-Year Notes of 1863
291
Fiscal Year July 1, 1864 - June 30, 1865
Cerrificates of Deposit:
'Femporart- Loan of 1862
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Certificates of Indebtedness of 1862
Currency:
F tact i o II a 1 Cur re n cy
United States Notes
Treasuiy Bonds:
Five -Twenties of 1862
F i ve -T^ ve n ti es o f J u ne 1864
Loan of 1 863
Lt>an of July and August 1 861
Navy Pension Fund
"Fen-Forties of 1 864
Treasun' Notes:
CIo m po unci In te res t N ore
Sevcn- Fliirties of 1864 and 1 865
Fiscal Year July 1 , 1 865 - June 30, 1 866
Certificates of Deposit:
I'emporiir>' Loan of 1862
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Certificates of Indebtedness of 1862
Currency:
F r a c d on a i Cu r r e iicy
G<ild Certificates
United States Notes
Treasurj' Bonds:
Fh'e-' I w'enties of Ma tch 1 864
Five-Twenties of June 1864
Five-"r wen ties of 1865
Loan of 1 863
Loan of July and August 1861
Navy Pension Fund
Ten -Forties of 1 864
Treasuiy- Notes:
Coni pound Interest Note
Seven -thirties of 1 864 and 1 865
292
July/ August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Fiscal Year July 1, 1866- June 30, 1867
Ccrti6cates of Deposit;
Temporaiy Loan of 1862
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
L'nited States Notes
T re as ur}' B o nds;
Consols of 1865
F i ve -T we nt i e s o f J nn e 1 864
Five -Twenties of 1865
Loan of J86.^
Loan ofjuly and Aii^st 1861
Naw Pension Fund
Ten-Forties of I86>4
Treasury^ Notes:
Compound Interest Note
Seven -Thirties of 1 864 and 1 865
Fiscal Year July 1, 1867 - June 30, 1868
Certificates of Deposit:
Three Per Cent Certificates
Currency:
Fractional CiiiTency
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Treasury' Bonds:
Consols of 1 865
Consols of 1 867
Consols of 1868
Five-Twenties of June 1864
Five-Twenties of 1865
Loan ofjuly and Aii^st 1861
Navy Pension Fund
Ten-Forties of 1864
Treasurj'^ Notes:
Seven-Thirties of 1 864 and 1 865
Fiscal Year July 1, 1868 - June 30, 1869
Certificates of Deposit;
Three Per Cent Certificates
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Treasury Bonds:
Consols of 1 865
Consols of 1 867
Consols of 1 868
Five-Twenties of 1865
l .oan of 1 863
Loan ofjuly and Augtist 1861
Na’vy Pension Fund
Ten-Forties of 1864
Treasury Notes:
Seven -Thirties of 186>4 and 1865
FiscalYear July 1, 1869 -June 30, 1870
Certificates of Deposit:
4 Tree Per Cent Certificates
Currency^:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Treasury Bonds:
Consols of 1 867
l^oan ofjuly and August 1861
FiscalYear July 1, 1870 - June 30, 1871
Certificates of Deposit:
ITree Per Cent C^emficates
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Certificates of Indebtedness of 1870
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gobi Certificates
United States Notes
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
293
Treasur).- Bonds:
Consols of 1 867
Funded Loan of 1881
Fiscal Year July 1, 1 871 - June 30, 1 872
Certificates of Deposit:
Three Per Cent Certificates
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
V n i ted S ta tes N o tes
Treason' Bonds:
Consols of 1867
Funded Loan of 1881
Loan of july and August 1861
Fiscal Year July 1, 1872- June 30, 1873
Certificates of Deposit:
Three Per Cent C7ertificates
Currency':
F'ractional Currency
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan ofjuly and August 1861
Consols of 1 867
Fiscal Year July 1, 1873- June 30, 1874
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Treasury' Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1881
Consols of 1867
Fiscal Year July 1 , 1 874 - June 30, 1 875
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
U n i te d S ta tes N otes
Treasury' Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1 88 1
Fiscal Year July 1, 1875 -June 30, 1876
Currency:
Fractional Currency
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Treasury' Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1881
Fiscal Year July 1 , 1 876 - June 30, 1 877
Currency:
Gold e rti ficates
Ldiitcd States Notes
Treasuiy Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1881
F unded Loan of 189]
Fiscal Year July 1 , 1 877 - June 30, 1 878
Currency':
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasury' Bonds:
Consols of 1 867
Funtlcd Loan of 1 89 1
Funded Loan of 1907
Fiscal Year July 1 , 1 878 - June 30, 1 879
Certificates of Deposit:
ReRmding Certificates
Currency:
Gold Certificates
Lhiited States Notes
Silver CLerdficates
Treasury' Bonds:
Inmded Loan of 1 89 1
F’unded Loan of 1907
294
July/August - Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Fiscal Year July 1, 1879- June 30, 1880
Cei-tificates of Deposit:
Refunding Certificates
Currency:
CaoitI Certificates
United States X-otes
Silver Certificates
Treasury' Bonds:
Funded Loan tjf 1907
Fiscal Year July 1, 1880- June 30, 1881
Currency:
Gold Certificates
U n i ted S ta tes X'^otcs
Silver Certificates
Treasury Bonds;
Loan otjuly anci August Continued
T reasur>' Bonds:
Funded Ltian of 1 907
Loan t>f 1882
Fiscal Year July 1, 1883 - June 30, 1884
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit ® 0%» Series 1875
Currency;
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Fiscal Year July 1, 1884 - June 30, 1885
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%» Series 1875
Currency:
Ciold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Fiscal Year July 1, 1881 - June 30, 1882
Ceitificatcs of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%, Series 1875
Currency:
Gold Certificates
Luiited States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasun' Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1881, continued, Series 1878
Fiscal Year July 1, 1882 - June 30, 1883
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%, Series 1872
Currency:
Gold Cei tificates
United States Notes
S i I ve r Ce rti fi ca te s
Fiscal Year July 1, 1885- June 30, 1886
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%, Series 1 875
Currency:
Gtjld Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Fiscal Year July 1, 1886- June 30, 1887
Ceitificates of Deposit:
C^ertificate of Deposit @ 0%, Series 1 875
Currency:
Gc^ld Certificates
United States X^otes
Silver Certificates
Fiscal Year July 1, 1887 - June 30, 1888
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit ® U%, Series 1875
Currency:
Cold Certificates
U 11 i ted S ta tes X^o tes
Silver Certificates
Fiscal Year July 1, 1888 ^ June 30, 1889
Ceitificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit® 0%, Series 1875
Paper Money * July/August • Whole No. 256
295
INTRODUCING A NEW
DESTINATION FOR
PASSIONATE COLLECTORS
Bringing the World’s Greatest Notes Together
PMG announces rhe launch of our new Notes Registry,
exclusively for colleccors of PMG-graded notes.
The PMG Registry combines the world’s greatest notes with the
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commitment to expert, impartial grading, stare-oGthe-art
encapsulation, collecting resources, and the highest standards
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and compere with others who share your passion for notes. You
can also arrange unique Signature Sets based on your own creative
criteria. Begin with one note and watch your set grow, or add an
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Visit www'.PMGiiotesxom today and click on '"Registry”
to include your collection among the world’s greatest notes*
PAtER MOJVEV GUARANTY
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An Indepiendent Member of the Certified Collectibles Group
fPMGT
NOTES '
^ REGISTRY
AUTHENTIC ATI ON
EXPERT GRA1>[NG
ENCAPSULATION
IMAGING
INTEGRITY
IMPARTIALITY
join the .
community
irivih rallirtcn nociclY.ccm''
296
July/August * Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Currency:
Gold Cemficates
United Smtes Notes
Silver Cerdfici^ces
Fiscal Year July 1, 1889 - June 30, 1890
Certificates of Deposit;
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%» Scries 1875
Currency:
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasuiy Notes of 1890
Fiscal Year July 1, 1890 - June 30, 1891
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit® 0%, Series 1875
Currency;
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasun' Notes of 1890
Fiscal Year July 1, 1891 - June 30, 1 892
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%, Scries 1875
Currency:
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasury Notes of 1 890
Treasury- Bonds;
Funded Loan of 1891, Continued
Treasury Notes:
Funded Loan of 1907
Fiscal Year July 1 , 1 892 - June 30, 1 893
Currency:
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasury Notes of 1890
Treasur}' Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1 907
Treasury' Notes:
Treasuiy' Notes of 1890
Fiscal Year July 1, 1893 - June 30, 1894
Ccilifi cates of Deposit;
Certificate of Deposit ® 0%, Series 1875
Currency:
Gold Certificates
LJnited States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasuiy Notes of 1890
Treasury Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1907
Loan of 1 904
Fiscal Year July 1, 1894- June 30, 1895
Certificates of Deposit;
Certificate of Deposit @ 0%, Series 1875
Certificates of Indebtedness:
Cherokee Certificate of Indebtedness
Currency:
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasuiy' Notes of 1890
Treasuiy' Bonds:
Funded Loan of 1907
Loan of 1904
Loan of 1925
Certificates of Deposit:
Certificate of Deposit ® 0%, Series 1 875
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
297
The
President's
Column
Thanks to our
Service Men and Women!
I .VM W^RI'riNG 'riiis ON MEMORIAL DAY. IT IS
chat rime of year where we give thanks to all of our ser-
vice men and women who have made the ultimate sacrifice
for our freedom. It is also coming up on Independence
Day, where we celebrate the freedoms we have. I would
like to expand that and say a big TH.ANK YOU ro all who
have sen ed or are sennng. Without those remarkable peo-
ple who have unselfishly accepted the job ot protecting us
and our furure, we could not enjoy our hobb}^ w ithout fear
of reprisal or confiscation of our stuff Yes, that is w hat w e
have is stuff Think of what they think is important coin-
pared with what we think is important. None of us have
ever had to live in harms way' to pursue char elusive note or
other item. They on the other hand, live in a constant
state of concern for their well-being and can’t wait for a
hot meal and shower. We owe them so much, both past
and present. There are many times that w'e all take our
freedom for granted, and this is solely a result ol their sac-
rifices. I look at the changing world and the incredible
challenges chat Brandon {my son) will he lacing and am so
grateful that he will not have to worry about his freedom.
So, thank a veteran or current member of our armed ser-
vices. On behalf of the SPMC, I say 11 lANKS and job
Well Done!
I would like to give you a report on Memphis, but due
to the lead rime of my column, we are still about one
month away from the show*. I do hope it turned out as
good as it xvas planned! I do kiitnv the hobby is still hot in
spite of the financial difficulties that are facing all of us.
Gas is now S3.S5 a gallon and bread has skyrocketed. I just
w onder where it wdll all level off, and am really' looking lot-
ward to them going back down. I w^as at the Texas
Numismatic Association last tveekend and toot tratMc
seemed good, 1 did not notice an appreciable hi! I off from
last year. I had two full cases of Pdper Mouey magazines
and they were all gone in a day and a half! So, on that
note, I bid you all adieu and hope all y^our days are sunny, a
smile is on your face and y^ou find all those notes y^ou need
for half-price (unless you are a dealer and then sell them at
double)!
Benny
$$ money mart
Paper Money will accepl class! Heel advertising on a basis of ISe per word
(minimum charge ol' $3.7.i). Commercial word ads are now allowed, Word
count: Name and arkiress couni as five words. All oiher words and abbrevia-
lions, figure combinations and iniltals couni as separate words. No checking
copies. 10% discnunl for lour or more inserlions of the same copy. Authors
are also offered a free ihree'llne dasstfied ad in recogniiion of iheir contrrbu-
lion lo the Society. These ads are denoted by lAi and are run on a space
available basis.
Speda/; Three Une ad for six issues = otdy $20.50!
KERENS YOUR OPPORTUNITVIi!
YQUR WORD AD could appear right here in each issue of Paper Mone).
You could advertise your duplictes inexpensively, or advert rse your Want
List for only $20,50 for Ihree lines for an entire year. Don't wait: i PMi
COLLECTOR BUYING AND SELLING published U.S. National Bank
Histories and other publications! Offer what you have: send your "Want
List/ Hob Cochran, PO Box 1085, Florissant MO 63031 iPROUD SPM-
CLiViritj.t f258i
AUTHORS RECEIVE FREE CLASSIFIED AD. Write now tPMi
LINCOLN PORTRAIT ITEMS. Collector desires bank notes, scrip, checks,
CD Vs, engraved/lilhographed ephemera, etc. w'ith images of Abraham
Lincoln for book on same. ContacI Fred Reed at P.O. Box 118162,
Carrollton, TX 75051-8162 or frced3#airnnail.net (258f
HUNDREDS OF PAPER MONEY MAGAZINES FOR SALE from before I
became Edilor back to 19G0s Si 1970s. I bought these filling sets. Fill your
needs now. E-mail me tTeed3€'a irmail.net & HI sell you what J got! (258)
WANTED: Notes from ihe Slate Bank of Indiana, Bank of the Slate of
Indiana, anrl related documents, reports, and other items. Write vvith descrip-
tion (include pholocopy it possiblet first. Wendell Wolka, PO Box 1211,
Greenwood, IN 46142 f258t
AUTHORS RECEIVE FREE CLASSIFIED AD. Write now i PMi
CASH FOR BOOKS, PUBLICATIONS, DOCUMENTS related to finance,
leasing, law, bail bonds, banking, accounting, royalties, insurance, mort-
gages, etc. www.RichardHopp.com tBl 8) 902-0532 t254.i
WANTED. OBSOLETES AND NATIONALS from New London County CT
banks tColchesler, jewell C\ly\ Mystic, New London, NonAlcb, Pawcatuck,
StoningionK Also 1732 notes by New London Society United for Trade and
Commerce and FNB of Tahoka Nationals ^8597. David Hinkle, 215
Pa r k way Nor I h . Water for d, CT 0 6.3 8 5 , 1 2 54 1
WANTED OBSOLETE BANKNOTES & SCRIP of Worcester, MA. Please e-
mail or write lo: edpognt@roadrunner.coni or Don Latino, 1405 Cape Si.,
Easi Lee, MA 01238 (256)
WANTED NATIONALS -- HAYS NATIONAL BANK in Clinton, New York.
Charter ^10295. Neil Schrader, 3320 Mlnglewood Dr.. Beaumont, TX
77703-2734 (256)
Permanent Wants;
Paper Money Editor desires
Articles on small size U.S. currency
What are YOU waiting for?
Or short articles
on ANY paper money subject
Experts & novices alike welcome
298
July/August * Whole No. 256 - Paper Money
Fiscal Year July 1, 1895- June 30, 1896 Fiscal Year July 1, 1897- June 30, 1898
Certificates of Deposit:
Cert ill cate of l>epDsir @ 0%^ Series 1875
Certificates of Deposit:
Cerdficaic of Deposit ® 0%, Series 1875
Currency:
Gold Certificates
United Stares Notes
Silver Certificates
Treasury' Bonds:
Loan of 1925
Fiscal Year July 1, 1896 - June 30, 1897
Currency:
G o Id Ce rti fi cates
United States Notes
Silver C]ertificatcs
Cun*ency:
Gold Certificates
United States Notes
Silver Certificates
rreasiiri' Notes of 1890
Treasur)" Bonds:
Fiin<ictl Loan of 1907
Tennessee
Merchant and Company Store
Paper Scrip
By Dennis Schafluetzel and Tom Carson
M oney has alw ays been a probleai in
fennessee. In early Tennessee, |ielcs, tobacco and otber com-
inotlities were often the money, due to the shortage of U.S. and
foreign coinage, d'he lack of specie and the problems of finding
suitable Q'lides impeded commerce. The early bajiks in
Tennessee usually only issued Si or higher bills. 'This
left a void chat was filled by merchants issuing small
denomination notes.
The authors have produced an e-hook on
Tennessee Merchant and Company Store
Scrip. Information about the project can
be found at
w w w , sc ha f I u et zel . o rg/T N _Me rc h an t/T N _
CD_Book/index.htm
MWOB.
. - i;
irrslg ^ •
“'•“miti-is
ScWaflu’etzjM.iia?ii!(i
m -L a
Paper Money ■ July/August * Whole No. 256
299
• •
‘ # # #
" CliuHie ^v ti inilt'Criu* .: ~
1 I'llOML'.K TO I’AV 'luiv: llEAUHtl
UN DKMaNIJ,
* *_ i
i:
X 5
t 'nv^:],vE,.'tA
rxrtnkr.w
II \jr CENTS.
iijxhM‘r:s ■ >Z
■--JlVlir.S A.*^ V >‘oi' l.i:s^ TII-'.N ••VK' “r* *
I ~ • ' 2; *
• * DOLI.AH i« rjt^*s;.'.ri.[i !ir fTtfH: ITJWAfjai'L t Sf
/ ■ f. A' /
** - .■■.■■m. ■ .
The earliest merchant scrip in F'ennessee had coins embedded in the phi re
to let the receiver know that the issuer had nione}'. d'his note was issued by
John Walker, Jn at his ferry on the Iliwassee River.
Walker met and was impressed with John Calhoun and named his com-
muniiy^ Calhoun in his honor. For years the Walker note was considered a
Xorth Carolina note until our research attributed it to Tennessee*
d'be United States eased the coinage shortage, but hoarding during the
hard times of 1837, and the Panic of 1857, necessitated issuance ot notes by
prominent people in the communin' to facilitate commerce.
The Civil War caused major problems m ith smaller transactions. Early in
the Uhir the Confederacy only printed $5 notes (>r higher. Attempts to issue
coins resulted in only four half dollars and rvvelve-cent coins. During this peri-
od, merchants, railroads, counties and others issued small denomination change
notes.
In most Southern states the state issued notes, but not Tennessee, Robert
Wliice in Tennessee Its Groirth and Progress (P^39) illustrated a merchant change
note as a Tennessee state issue. The illustrated note was identical to the note
shown here except serial number 28, W'hite also illustrated a 5 -cent
Cumberland Iron Wforks note in the book. I le did not a i tribute the note, so we
suspect it belonged to him. Please find it lor us!
After the Civil War, ciries, counties and even 'Fennessee issued scrip or
warrants due to the shortage ul currency, d ennessee hac.1 to issue warrants to
redeem the bonds issued hy the Radical Reconstruction government* d he 1 87()s
Chattanooga issue of notes was declared unconstitutional, srop]Mng local gov-
ernment issues, d'he Chattanooga notes are in our e-book, Cbatwnoo^^n Money,
d he other cities and counties will be in a Kiturc edition.
300
Jufy/August • Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
After the Civil War, miicli of the scrip was issued for use in the coiiipa-
nv score. I he Federal Government actively discouraged private issue money by
heavy taxes, ddiis led to the disclaimer “Not intended as a Circulating
Medium.”
By 1900 die issuance of paper scrip had mostly been replaced by metal
tokens that lasted longer. I'here were paper exanipies that mimicked punch
cards where the purchase was punched or strips of paper chits. Linda Parker ot
the Dickson County Archives found tour inches of i937 scrip issued by finan-
cially troubled Warner Iron Company at Cumberland Furnace. Imagine being
paid in scrip that was redeemable in 24 months, Warner issued scrip at
Riverside in 1917 and Warner in 1881. Warner also issued scrip as Southern
Iron Works in Warner in 1893. The later issues from Cumberland Furnace are
ugly compared to the 1880s issues of Drouillard Iron Company at Cumberland
Furnace.
The first edition is nearing completion. Spink Smythe has been wonderful
in furnishing high resolution scans of the Sedman notes from the Schingoethe
Collection, plus the other notes that Herb and Martha acquired. Numerous
collections have been searched and each new holding contains 50+% discoven'
notes. Fhe Tennessee State Museum only has 8 notes, but all were discoveries.
The Smithsonian has five discover^' notes. The Museum of the Confederacy
furnished 10 notes. All collectors, PLEASE search your collection and see it
you have discoveiy notes. Ycui can view the 600+ notes at http://\™^v.schafluet“
zel.org/TN_Merchant/TN_CD_Book/indexJitm The password is SPMC6000.
'Fhey can be reached at tlennis@schafIuetzekorg or tcarson@ewkju.net *1*
Paper Money * July/August • WhoSe No. 256
301
The $100,000 Errand: Banking in 1941
Washington, DC
By R. Logan Talks
M y father, ROBERT W. TALKS JR.. WAS BORN IN
Washingcont D.C. in 1923. He grew up there and attended
Central High School graduating in June 1941. He later joined the
Na^y and heeame a pilot during and after the war was sta-
tioned on the aircraft carrier US.S. Bnumr.
Immediately after graduating From high school, and before he joined
the Navy, he was employed in his first full time joh, at age 18, by
\A^ishingcon Loan and Trust located at the corner of F Street and 9rh Street m
Washington, DC* Years later this bank was to become a part of the Riggs^
National Bank. This building is now a Marriott hotel, but much of the forliierJJ
bank features can still be seen. The original bank vault, with ids massive r6iy)dy
vault door, can be viewed in the basement and is now a special fimction dining
room as part of the MarriotFs basement restaurant. The Washington
Tmst name can also still he seen on the building above the Marriott^s entrance
canopy. htr-L
Aly father was hired as a Runner which was an enciy level positionytft
the bank. As a Runner his duties included hand deli veering messages to vari^js
business clients of the bank, running errands, and, when he wasnY busy ’wi:
errands, helping out in the proof department. He worked Iroin 9:00 am to 5:5^-
pm Monday to Friday and 9:00 am - 2:00 pm on Saturday, He was paid a salar^
of SIS per week. He also received a free lunch, along with all other bank^"^
employees, in the seventh Floor bank cafeteria that was operated exclusively for
bank employees. If he had to stay late and work after 6 pm he was given 75 cents
for dinner* T
To me the most interesting part of liis job were the errands he did for
the bank. At least once a week Ills job was to pick up $100,000 in cash from die^iy ":
Treasury building. When funds from the Treasury were needed the HMd y.
Teller, Mr. Cain, would request a'
letter from Mr. Fisher, one of the
bank C3ftlcers, My Father would take
this letter and ride to the Treasur}-^
Building with Clarence, who was
employed as the bank's Driver*
Clarence was an older man and a
long time employee of tlie bank.
Clarence would drive my Father
wherever he needed to go around
WAishington For all of his errands.
On the occasions when he
had to pick up $1 00,000 a guard from
the bank would also ride in the
bank's car with Clarence and my
father. Although the guard was
armed he did not actually transport
the money. \Mien the $100,000 was
requested in small bills my father car-
Robert W* Talks in the U.S. Navy
302
July/August - Whole No, 256 - Paper Money
The heritage of the Washington Loan &
TrusI is still visible on the ofd Riggs
National Bank marquee behind the
present hotel awning.
riecl the money in n large black Ixig, Frequently,
how'ever, the S 1 00,000 w^s re quested in Si 1 ,000
and on those occasions my father would
merely carry the one hundred Si, 000 bills in his
coat pocket!
My father picked up Si 00,000 in cash
in this manner at least once a week during the
18 months he was employed by the Washington Loan and Trust. That
$100,000 that he carrietl in 1941 would exceed $1,000,000 in terms of today’s
purchasing power. And this responsihility was entrusted to an 18 year t)UI
young man in his first job out of high school!
On a few occasions, while in the Treasury building, my father met and
got acqimintetl with a treasury employee who was responsible for handling all
the obsolete large size hills that were sdll being removed fi*oni circulation in
194L She showed him the old large size notes that had been removed from cir-
culation and hail been sent lo her from many banks around the countn\ She
offered to let him “buy” as many as he wanted at face value. On nvo or three
occasions my father “bought” a few old large size notes totaling SI 7.00 in face
value. For this he paid $17.00.
Among the note.s he bought were one each of the $1, $2, and $5 1896
Fducationai series Silver Ortificates. Me also bought several $l 1899 Silver
Certificates, with various signature comhinations; including one of the earlv
Paper Money * July/August • Whole No. 256
303
series notes with the series date (irintetl l)y the ri^ht serial nunil)ei\ A few
United States Notes were also purchased including a $2 1862 Laiited Stares
Note. Although rny hither no lunger has these notes 1 rejnemher rheiii well and
they \\ ere in nice circulated condition - most of them graded V ery Fine except
for the $2 1862 note that t\as in UG/Fine condition.
Ac the rime he purchased these notes they were niorc of a novel t)- to
my father as he was not a collector. The opporrunit}^ tf) oliiain any old large
size notes at face value would be a collectuis dream today. At the time, howev-
er, the Si 7.00 that my father exchanged for these notes was more than a week’s
salar\‘ so it represented a real investment.
I find it fascinating to speculate what other notes may have been avail- Times change. The massive bank vault is
able at that time for face value from this source at the 'rreasuiy. The fact that now a specialty dining room,
he was able to obtain all three denominations of the 1896 Kducadonal Series,
and a S2 1862 Legal Tender note, is evidence that some very nice notes were
available. Likely there were National Bank Notes and Gold Certificates as well
as Lhiited States Notes and Silver Certificates available as well. One can onh'
speculate about what scarcer signature combinations, star notes, rare Nationals
or other aq^es that would have also been there at that time. All of these would
be highly prized by collectors today.
The hanking business was simpler and more trusting in 1941 than it is
today. The e.xperience and responsibility that niy father hath at the age of 18, of
transporting so much cash is hard to com|>reheiid by today's standards. I lis
opportunity to buy scarce large size notes at hice value is the stuff that collec-
tor’s dreams are made of. ***
304
July/ August * Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
NEV
MEMBERSHEP DIRECTOR
Frank Clark
MEMBERS
P.O. Box 1 17060
Carrollton, TX
SPMC NEW MEMBERS - 03/31/2008
These memberships expire 12/31/2008.
12258 Michael L. Hicks, 5808 Rawson Ln, Pensacola,
FL 32503-7703 {C, Paper and Poly Bank Notes),
Paper Money Values
12560 Jason S* Miller, 112 Washington PLace Unit
16G, Pittsburg, PA 15210 (C, British Commonwealth
and India), Webiste
12567 T,V, Welo, PO Box 20S, Pure! vs, NY 10578-020S
(C, Twos), BNR
12568 Joseph Dunn, PO Box 10528, Davtona Beach, FL
32120 (C, US Large & Small), Website
12569 Gregory W, Martin, 4316 Danor Dr, Reading, PA
19605 (C (& D, US Large & Fractional), Website
SPMC NEW MEMBERS - 05/04/2008
These memberships expire 12/31/2008.
12570 Robert L. Ditchey 11, PO Box 236L Arlington,
VA 22202 (C. Arizona & Pennsylvania Nationals),
Lowell H or wed el
12571 Sandy Roman (C), Website
12572 Gary A, Boyer, 457 SW 100th St. Oklahoma
City, OK 73139 (C. US Small & Sheets), Website
12573 Neal Worden (C), Paper Money Values
12574 Benjamin K. Webb, 4207 Albans, Hoiistin. TX
77005 (C, Texas Paper Money), Tom Denly
12575 Bill Gunther (C), Website
12576 John Eyman (C), Jason Bradford
12577 Jeff Liford (C), Jason Bradford
12578 Robert McNally fC), Jason Bradford
12579 Cathy LaPoint (C), Jason Bradford
12580 Han Moeljadi (C), Jason Bradford
12581 Obdulio Gonzalez (C), Jason Bradford
12582 Richard Larson (C), Jason Bradford
12583 Don Fagan (C), Jason Bradford
12595 David Shmukler (C), Jason Bradford
12596 Michael Boyd (C), Jason Bradford
12597 Arthur Broniszewski (C), Jason Bradford
12598 Karen Morin (C), Jason Bradford
12599 Richard Hammond (C), Jason Bradford
12600 David Mullin (C), Jason Bradford
12601 Jeffrey Miner (C), Jason Bradford
12602 Vurt Prebe (C), Jason Bradford
12603 Linh Do (C), Jason Bradford
12604 Timothy J, Landolfo (C), Frank Clark
12605 David F. Noyes (C), Tom Denly
126D6 Janies Kallas (C), Website
12607 D. Parker (C), Frank Clark
12608 Ralph Scipioiie (C & D), Website
12609 Tim Daum (C), Website
12610 David Stevenson (C), Website
12611 Alan Tonguette (C), Website *>
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Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
305
tli»f
ISS AIIT
must stand In awe of the work of superb craftspeo-
ple* These would be amazing if folded from plain paper^
but I am astonished at how the printed designs are used
for features* Look closely,” — MH
306
July/August • Whole No. 256 “ Paper Money
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No, 256
307
All /iin'/df ion /mill
The New Hampshire Currency Study Project
Q. DAVID BOWERS anti
DAVID M. SUNDMAN
are involveO in a long-term
project to describe the history
of all currency issued in the
State of New Hampshire, as
well as to compile a detailed
registry of all known notes
(wdiether for sale or not). Our
area of interest ranges from
early colonial times through
tlie Rex^olutionary era, the
state-chartered bank years
( 1 792- 1866), and the era of
National hanks (1863-1935).
'Fhis will result in a book
under the imprimatur of the
Society of Paper Money
Coliectors, with helji from the
New Hampshire Historical
Society, the Smithsonian
Institution, and others.
A pun from the
Dtivui M. is preskient of
Littleton Coin Conipimy ami
Q. Dnvhi Bowers is a prindpai of
Numismatic iiimtk% LLC,
anti twth advertisers in the present
book. For other commercial
transactions and hnsiness, refer
to those advertisements.
llti' [J/ iJpi' it lii/c
of 1W2 iV-flinini( JtiriJr fRtrn
Uiwr f )iTT]i‘ Wni' {
THE WINCHESTER BANK
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UiL'i jiiiiii' icjI^ wm'J fui (In' UViR'In^ri'P Brtnli i irij UVmlit'sJ'iTiVRfiijriri/ finrit
I f you have New Hampshire currency or
old records or correspondence relating
to the same, or other items of historical
interest, please contact us. In addition,
Bowers and Sundman are avid collectors
of these bills and welcome contact from
anyone having items for sale. We will pay
strong prices for any items we need!
Vi$il titi'Nil Cmtvmy Sirntj- f K'li’W'PiJii iim'Ro'+niH. J mint
i*t Ni'ei' Ullmp^lii^l’ /Mirb liinr issunJ t-WfitVity, nuiti >r(iii/Flr iiriil irijjj-f.
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liox S39, Wdifeboro l-atls. NH 03896
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JulyyAugust * Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
309
• /////
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merger, and survive today. To these are added many
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printing plates, vignette dies, cylinder dies, and other
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If you would like to have more information, contact
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310
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Collecting Confederate Paper Money
Better Attribution, Grading, and Value^"^
W(Q)(Q)]KISYfflI(0)ILlSMfllLL
Alexandria, La. Issue Wookey Hole Mill watermark
Award-winning author and collector/dealer Pierre Fricke is helping collectors of Confederate paper money
build type, rare variety and contemporary counterfeit collections. I’ve owned and helped others acquire:
• 3 of the 5 known T-59 J Green and Son watermarked notes
• 43 inverted backs and many of the known examples of the ‘‘Great Rarities”
• Complete collections of Wookey Hole Mill and J Whatman watennarked notes
• A complete plen error (e.g., T-43 1-10 error) set and complete collections of T-lOs, T-26s and T-33s
• Many T-21 and T-24 “NY” watermarked notes and Non-Collectible (NCs) rare Confederate notes
• Getting started collections, type, contemporary counterfeit, T-39, 40 and 41 specialty items too
Pierre Fricke; P. O. Box 52514; Atlanta, GA 30355
www.csaquotes.com ; pfricke@attglobal.net
Buy * Sell * Auctions * New Varieties * Provenance
Email or write to get your rare notes in the Census!
T-23 PF-1
Paper Morrey • July/August ■ Whole No. 256
— 311
*4683718
j-sisaa?
IVe «re (/le RiVfecy Co/fcefioii
ili'XitlWli*:
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Phone: 858-679-3350
FAX; 858-679-7505
> Large size type notes
Especially Five’s and FRBN's
> Large star notes
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312
July/August • Whole No, 256 • Paper Money
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
313
Obsolete paper money of St. Joseph, Florida
By Ron Benice
Editor^s Note: This year SPMC member Ron Benice debuted his acclaimed,
award-winning Florida Paper Money: An Illustrated History, 1S17-1934
(McFarland, 2008), which he shared his thoughts about at our annual SPMC
Author's Forum at Memphis, TN recently, Ron's book catalogs hundreds of
Florida obsoletes never before seen. In the past he has shared his scholarly
research in these pages on Florida Civil War notes and other issues- For the
edification of all SPMC members, he has allowed Paper Money to excerpt a
small portion of his book in these pages. Information on the book is elsewhere.
St. Joseph
St. Joseph was a short-lived town with an interesting history. In 1835 the
Supreme Court ruled that Panton, Leslie & Co. owned the Apalachicola lands. Many
residents of Apalachicola chose to form a new city, St. Joseph, 28 miles away rather
than pay. To compete with Apalachicola as a cotton port, the Lake Wimico and St.
Joseph Canal Company was formed to open an alternate route from the river. When the
dredged route proved too shallow, a 30-mile bypass railroad was built via another new
town, lola. The boom town of St. Joseph hosted the Florida Constitutional Convention
in 1838. In the summer of 1841, a yellow fever epidemic caused most residents to leave.
In September 1841, a hurricane wiped out the town. On February 27, 1842, the Niles
Register reported: “A gone city — The city of Apalachicola has bought out the city of St.
Joseph, and hereafter all the business of the latter is to be united with that of the for-
mer.”
FIL-OMIITDA
IPAIPIEM
MICDMIEIT
I K t
Commercial Bank of Florida
Unauthorized branch of Commercial Bank of Florida in Apalachicola.
The plates from Apalachicola #s 18, 19 and 20 were re-engraved with St. Joseph
substituted for Apalachicola. Imprinted Chas. Toppan & Co. Phila.
1. $5 Washington; boy with sickle, steamboat, boy; Jackson R7
2. $10 Standing Indian, Sailboat, Standing Washington E7
3. $20 Justice, Sailboat, Sailboat, Justice R7
314
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
The plates from Apalachicola #s 21, 22 and 23 were re-engraved with St. Joseph
substituted for Apalachicola. Imprinted Draper, Toppan, Longacre & Co. Phila. & NY.
Authentic signatures are William Patrick and J. C. Maclay with dates in 1836 and 1837
written in. In 1847, long after the parent bank had failed and St. Joseph had vanished,
remainder notes were released with 1847 dates and fictitious signatures.
4. $5 Portraits of Washington, Marshall, Fulton and Franklin R5
in the corners, sailboats center
4A. authentic signatui'es
4B. fraudulent signatures
5. $10 same 4 portraits, steamboat
5A. authentic signatures
R5
(,.//,// /////// //////_ Z/z////
RAKH: oniK-tTVITEB STATES
j //////
//zT/z/^/ //■///
oB. fraudrdent signatures
6. $20 same 4 portraits, sailing ships
6A. authentic signatures
6B. fraudulent signatures
R5
Paper Money • July/August • Whole No. 256
315
/> ///yy/z - /v/ /?//// ///// '
/y j //a i.) ////y ^
% BJUm OF THE IBNITEI) STATES. PHII^FXPJSI^t;
f Y^d'l
7. $100 standing female, allegorical commerce, Ceres standing
R7
Merchants & Planters Bank of Florida
This bank was created in Tallahassee by reviving the charter of the failed
Merchants and Planters Bank at Magnolia. This roundabout method was required since
Congress had taken away the right of the territorial legislature to charter new banks.
St. Joseph was a branch location.
Bank notes with imprints Rawdon, Wright & Hatch New-York and Rawdon,
Wright, Hatch & Edson, New Orleans. 184 imprinted for date. After St, Joseph failed,
some remainder notes had “Tallahassee” written over “St. Joseph.”
8. $1 silver dollar, Hebe pouring drink for eagle, train
' m>:;:b.cb:.awts
or.FmMmd.
ime
( s!
...
R7
9. $2 Commerce, cotton plant
R7
316
July/August • Whole No. 256 - Paper Money
/y//Mj // //r/// ji ^ / /Z//:j /,
^ /' /?///? /^ ^ // /// ////////V
SZJOStPH
Corporation of Saint Joseph
Notes with 183 engraved and signature spaces for Clerk and Mayor.
11. Q'Ai seated woman, steamboat and sailboat, man smoking pipe
12. 12Vit same as preceding
The Corporation of Saint Joseph
PTOmise to pay to Uit Bearer
Twelve and a Half Cents.
R7
R7
13. 12!4^ standing woman, woman in farm scene, rowboat and sailboats
f 'lerk. w ,
The Corporation of Saint Joseph
Promise to pay te the Bearer
Twelve and a Half CentK.
St, Josr^ph^ 183
14. 12!4$i Indian with tomahawk, steam engine, standing woman
R7
R7
Paper Money • July/August ■ Whole No. 256
317
15. 25(^ same as 14
16. oOyi same as 13
Notes with 184 engraved and signature spaces for Clerk and Mayor.
Imprint; Juls. Manouvrier & P. Snell Litliogr. N. Oris.
17. no vignette. Large denomination counters in top corners
IS. large denomination counters at left border and top left & right
19. 25^ cotton bales and sailboat
20. sailing ships
'^^RPORATION OF SAINT JOSEI
/// wnat/ M A., fir.iosi:i*n
21. 75^ steamboat
R8
R8
R8
R8
R8
R7
R7
22. $1 early railroad train R7
The section on SU loseph rn the book continues with the notes of Lake Wimico and St, Joseph Canal & Railroad
Company -Editor. ***
313
July/August ■ Whole No. 256 * Paper Money
Paper Money Albums
E arly staaip albums facilitatfd coui-crrixc;
by encouraging hobbyists to fill in empty squares with the
appropriate stamp. In the 1930s , as T recajl, the intros-liiction
of carti board coin boards with the same technique, caused a
huE^e growth in coin collecting. The Paper Money hol>hv
does not need any motivators today, as evidenced hy the
ti'emendoiis price appreciation going on; however; the album
idea can increase die enjoyment of the hobhy enormously.
In the early 1970s, T recall cbai Dick Balbatcsn and a cou-
ple of other New England guvs puldisbetl three ring hintler
'‘Doric” album pages for U.S. small size currency. Hie re was
one OF more note sized oudines with a title on each page and a
black & VVTite photo of the note. 'I bus there were individual
pages for United States Notes, (red seals), rederal Reserve
notes, (green seals) and Silver C]ertificaces, (blue seals etc)..
'Eh ere were tivo pages for the 192H series Gold C A-rii ficate.s.
There were also pages for the VVW II notes of I lawaii and
North Africa ant] the cxjieriincnial R
& S notes. [ bought sonic of these
pages (still have some arouiul here
somewhere) and used them to put
together an UNC type set of small
size notes. Hie heaut\ of these pages
was that they could be shown tf) people by simply earn ing the
album around; or used as exhibit pages in an e.xliibit case or by
simply laying them fiat on a table, Wlien I exhibited these at
local coin shows they always generated interest.
At that time 1 recommended several improvements to the
pages, along with ideas for additiona] pages. Ff>r example, in
addition to including spaces for all denominarions of each
series; create type note pages. So, there would also have been
a single page for the 1928 series Silver Certificates anti a single
page for the 1928 Gold Certificates, etc. In atltlition to an
appropriate title, there would be text e,\plaining the ntitc
series, applicable legislation, etc. Mid a color illustrarion of an
example of each tyqie. In this manner a collector could assem-
ble an easily exhibited type collection in any desired grade.
The same technique can be usetl for large size tyqie notes.
There is much information available from catalogs and the
internet on legislation, and the economic issues Ijchind the
notes. Color photos are available everywhere and with a com-
puter and scanner it is easy to create your own album pages.
This can apply to Nationals, type notes or obsolete notes by
bank or location. Other additions to such album pages can
include contemporary post card photos of the banks (many old
bank buildings still survive) and photos of the bank officials
who signed the notes. One could also add checks anti drafts to
a collection and exhibit. This will allow you to continue col-
lecting your specialty area long after \ ou have exhausted the
suppU of available notes. d1us is a great way to collect and
show t>ff your collcetion. The three ring sn Ic allows easy
changes as new photos or notes arc added. So, get starred on
chat collection book you will eventually leave behind.
Tlie
Notebook
FredLReedin
Books
L AS'C year we ILAN a special book SEC'nOX
with reviews of significant, recent paper iiioney hooks.
1liis time artnind wc highlight recent paper money schol-
arship in a different manner. In this issue you find applica-
tions of several colleagues' research in various fields of interest
presented as articles. These hopefully will whet the pallets of
readers and scml them racing to the respective authors' larger
works. Books by Ron Ben ice, Tom Carson and Dennis
Schafluetzel, Cicne Hessler and vours truly are tcarll^e^l.
I'he range of paper money research is truly ascoundingn
.'Vny attendee at our annual Memphis Authors Forums cannot
help but find some tojiic of personal interest addressed by an
expert. I am presently making arrangements for our fifth
annual Authors Forum, and preparing the printetl program.
This year is no exception. SPMC members are cop notch!
Those committed this y ear incliitle Rob Kravitz, who has
preparetl a jiricing update to his comprehensive hook on U.S.
Postage and Fractional Currency. Also featured are Ron
Benicc, who discusses his opus on Florida ohsoletes (an
excerpt of which you find in this issue); and Pierre Ih ickc, who
has published bis “field guide” tf) Confederate paper money,
an updated car rv-a long companion to his massive tome on
that subject, y hich revolutionized collecting C^S.-V varieties.
Scott Lindquist and John Schwartz detail their neu est
St^Nniard Gitiilt* ttt Sm/fll-S/zc LLS. Paper Moaey, Bill
Erandimore describes his work on Krause’s Stamianf Catalog of
US. Paper Moiuy. "I'om Carson and Dennis Schafluetzel pre-
sent their e-hook on Idmesscc scrip, and the new vistas made
possible hv electronic colIahoratif)n on the worldwide web.
Mtjre detail on the get-together will be published In a
fiiturc issue of Paper Moaty, hut any reacler can enjoy the fruits
of these fine gentlemen’s labors from his/her armchair bv pur-
chasing their books. .All are highly recommended.
It doesn't eiid there folks. .Vly “Back Page” mate Steve
Wliirfickrs definitive book on Kansas paper money is at the
publisher, .McFarland. Neil Shafer's collaboration on panic
scrip is nearing com |) led on. Eric Newman’s newest take t)n
early U.S. currency is nearing printing stage. .Vly own Ixjok
on every thing Lincolniaiia is in the home strctcli, and a second
edidtm of my encased stamp book is on the hoards. Others':
You tell me. Wc want to fostei your work.
Willi t a wonflerful time to he collecting paper. Research
has never been more accessible via internet, microfilm pdf.
einajl collaboration, and o tiler forms of electronic (.lata
retrieval, accumuiation, and flisseminntion. I leek, colleague
Fom Cars(^^3n’s job is “electronic workflow and knowledge
managcmeiu,” rhatsoun[.ls pioneering tome! *1*
Paper Money * July/August * Whole No. 256
319
Buying & Selling
Quality Collector Currency
• Colonial & Continental Currency
* Fractional Currency
* Confederate & Southern States
Currency • Confederate Bonds
• Large Size & Small Size Currency
Always BUYING All of the Above
Call or Ship for Best Offer
Free Pricelist Available Upon Request
James Polis
4501 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 306
Washington, DC 20008
(202) 363-6650
Fax: (202)363-4712
E-mail: Jpolis7935@aolcofn
Member; SPMC, FCCB, ANA
WANTED
FOR HIGGINS MUSEUM LIBRARY
Volumes 1, 2, and 3 of PAPER MONEY
The first 1 2 issues. Larry Adams, Curator, Higgins Museum
& Library, PO Box 258, Okoboji, Iowa 51355
712-332-5859 or 515432-1931
email: ladamst^'opeucominc.com
DO YOU COLLECT FISCAL PAPER?
Write nboul your specialty for Paper Money
Articles on checks, bonds, stocks
Always wanted
Our SPMC lournal exists Eo fulfill our iiiaiidale
to promote education in all these fiscal paper areas
So spread your knowledge around to our members
Are you planning a show?
Would you like to have free copies of Paper
Money magazine
to distribute to attendees?
Contact Bob Cochran
1917 Driftwood Trails Drive
Florissant, MO 63031
HARRY
IS BUYING
NATIONALS —
LARGE AND SMALL
UNCUT SHEETS
TYPE NOTES
UNUSUAL SERIAL NUMBERS
OBSOLETES
ERRORS
HARRY E. JONES
7379 Pearl Rd. #1
Cleveland, Ohio 44130-4808
1-440-234-3330
DO YOU COLLECT FISCAL PAPER?
join the American Society of Check Collectors
hltp://members.ao[.com/asccinfo or write to
Lyman Hensley, 473 East Elm St., Sycamore, IL 601 78.
Dues are 513 per year for US residents,
517 for Canadian and Mexican residents,
and $23 lor those in foreign locations.
320
July/August • Whole No. 256 • Paper Money
Littleton Coin Company • Serving Collectors /or Over 60 Years
Selling your collection?
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Maynard Sundman David Siindman lim Reardon Butch Caswell Ken Weslover Josh Caswell
rounder /^resident. Numismatist Chief Numismatist Senior Numismatist Numismatist Numismatist
{ASA iM *4461. m:
Littleton
Coin Compan y
1309 Mt Eusm Road • UtMclon NH 03561-3735
Contact us;
Toll Free (800) 581-2646
TolFFrceFax (877)850-3540
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References:
Bank of America
Dun ^ Bradstrect #01-892*9653
02006 LCC Inc
Oyer 60 Years ojFnendly Setvice to Collectors
LittletonCoin.com
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SPINK SMYTHE PRESENTS TWO PREMIER AUCTIONS IN JULY:
S THE
CHINGOETHE = Frederick Forbes Angus
OBSOLETE CURRENCY COLLECTION PART 15
COLl. ECTION ^nd other fine Numismatic Properties
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July 15th, 2008 • new york
July 16-17, 2008 • new york
Every Schingoethe sale brings new rarities to the market. The July sale
features over 1000 lots of the highest quality obsolete bank notes including
many proof notes and western selections. Among the highlights are a $2 and
$5 Kirtland Safety Society reissue notes both signed by Brigham Young. This
summer sale, Part 1 5 of this groundbreaking collection, continues the
tradition of exceptional rarities and choice notes from the North, South and
Midwest, including many pieces from Connecticut, Maryland, Michigan,
Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio and Pennsylvania.
ORDER YOUR CATALOGS NOW
Spink Smythe spares no expense in producing the finest quality all-color catalogs,
lb order your catalogs please contact us at 800-622-1880. Additionally, the
entire sale - complete with high resolution scans and detailed descriptions
will be posted on our website.
We are pleased to oflFer selections from the collection of Frederick Forbes
Angus. Ihe collection includes many Confederate rarities including T I -T4
Montgomery issues, two Indian Princess notes and other key pieces. The
collection also features a wide range of top quality U.S. Federal and National
bank notes many of which have been off the market for over 20 years. The
auction will also offer fine properties from assorted collections.
NEW YORK
2 Rector St., 12th FI.
New York, NY 1 0006
212-943-1880
info@spinksmythc.com
800 - 622-1880
www.spinksmythe.coni
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SPINK
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WHEN THE TIME TO SELL COMES,
YOU WANT THE HIGHEST PRICE.
HERITAGE DOESN’T COMPROMISE,
AND NEITHER SHOULD YOU!
Whether you are selling a few extra notes from your holdings, or a
comprehensive collection built over decades, you can maximize your
profits at our Central States auction. Our printed catalogs and online
Permanent Auction Archives will memorialize your collection forever.
Heritage is America’s largest numismatic auction house, delivering
worldwide bidder demand through our exclusive Interactive Internet
systems on our award-winning website. There you will find 325,000+
fellow collectors registered as bidder-members at HA.com.
When you consign with Heritage, you benefit from decades of experience,
award-winning catalogs & catalogers, the world’s finest numismatic
client list, and proven marketing expertise. Our state-of-the-art digital
photography has won praises from around the world, with full-color,
enlargeable images of every single-note lot posted on the Internet.
Bidders trust our catalog descriptions and our full-color images.
THE CSNS SIGNATURE AUCTION, APRIL 17-19, 2008
Heritage is currently accepting consignments for our Signature
Auction to be held at the Central States Numismatic Society
Convention in Rosemont, IL. To include your currency collection
in this important auction, please contact a Consignment Director
today! CONSIGNMENT DEADLINE: FEBRUARY 28, 2008
We invite your consignments and bidding participation in our upcoming
CSNS Signature Auction. Let us bring your currency to the buyers around
the world and on the Web. Call 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 1001
• 24-hour voicemail or visit our website at HA.com
The World's #1 Numismatic Auctioneer
a HERITT^EO^
Muctim Qallerm
Annual Sales Exceeding $500 Million • 325,000+ Online Registered Bidder-Members
3500 Maple Avenue, 1 7th Floor • Dallas. Texas 75219-3941 • or visit HA.com
214-528-3500 . FAX: 214-443-8425 • e-mail: Consign@HA.com
IL Auctioneer license: Robert Korver 441.001421.
This auction subject to a 15% buyers premium.
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